Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jan 5;25(2):699. doi: 10.3390/ijms25020699.
Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines known to have immunomodulatory effects; they include ILs-33 and -37 whose emerging roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain under investigated. In this study, we compared circulating IL-33 and IL-37 in Arab adults with and without MetS to determine its associations with MetS components. A total of 417 Saudi participants (151 males, 266 females; mean age ± SD 41.3 ± 9.0 years; mean body mass index ± SD 30.7 ± 6.3 kg/m) were enrolled and screened for MetS using the ATP III criteria. Anthropometrics and fasting blood samples were taken for the assessment of fasting glucose and lipids. Circulating levels of IL-33 and IL-37 were measured using commercially available assays. The results showed higher levels of serum IL-33 and IL-37 in participants with MetS than those without (IL-33, 3.34 3.42 (2.3-3.9) vs. (1-3.9), = 0.057; IL-37, 5.1 (2.2-8.3) vs. 2.9 (2.1-6.1), = 0.01). Additionally, having elevated levels of IL-33 was a risk factor for hypertension, low HDL-c, and hypertriglyceridemia. A stratification of the participants according to sex showed that males had higher IL-33 levels than females [3.7 (3.0-4.1) vs. 3.15 (1.4-3.8), < 0.001], while females had higher levels of IL-37 than males [3.01 (2.2-7.0) vs. 2.9 (2.1-5.6), = 0.06]. In conclusion, the presence of MetS substantially alters the expression of ILs-33 and -37. IL-33 in particular can be potentially used as a therapeutic target to prevent MetS progression. Longitudinal and interventional studies are warranted to confirm present findings.
白细胞介素（ILs）是一组已知具有免疫调节作用的细胞因子；其中包括 IL-33 和 IL-37，它们在代谢综合征（MetS）发病机制中的新兴作用仍在研究中。在这项研究中，我们比较了患有和不患有 MetS 的阿拉伯成年人的循环 IL-33 和 IL-37，以确定其与 MetS 成分的关联。共有 417 名沙特参与者（男性 151 名，女性 266 名；平均年龄 ± SD 41.3 ± 9.0 岁；平均体重指数 ± SD 30.7 ± 6.3 kg/m）被纳入并使用 ATP III 标准筛查 MetS。测量了人体测量学和空腹血样，以评估空腹血糖和血脂。使用商业上可获得的测定法测量循环中的 IL-33 和 IL-37 水平。结果显示，患有 MetS 的参与者的血清 IL-33 和 IL-37 水平高于不患有 MetS 的参与者（IL-33，3.34 3.42（2.3-3.9）比（1-3.9）， = 0.057；IL-37，5.1（2.2-8.3）比 2.9（2.1-6.1）， = 0.01）。此外，IL-33 水平升高是高血压、低 HDL-c 和高三酰甘油血症的危险因素。根据性别对参与者进行分层显示，男性的 IL-33 水平高于女性[3.7（3.0-4.1）比 3.15（1.4-3.8），<0.001]，而女性的 IL-37 水平高于男性[3.01（2.2-7.0）比 2.9（2.1-5.6）， = 0.06]。总之，MetS 的存在会极大地改变 ILs-33 和 -37 的表达。特别是 IL-33 可以作为预防 MetS 进展的潜在治疗靶点。需要进行纵向和干预性研究来证实目前的发现。
