Castro Nicholas, Zieff Gabriel, Bates Lauren C, Pagan Lassalle Patricia, Higgins Simon, Faulkner James, Lark Sally, Skidmore Paula, Hamlin Michael J, Signal T Leigh, Williams Michelle A, Stoner Lee
School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA.
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27513, USA.
Children (Basel). 2023 Feb 9;10(2):336. doi: 10.3390/children10020336.
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk often begins early in life. Healthy lifestyle behaviors can mitigate risk, but the optimal combination of behaviors has not been determined. This cross-sectional study simultaneously examined the associations between lifestyle factors (fitness, activity behaviors, and dietary patterns) and CMD risk in preadolescent children.
1480 New Zealand children aged 8-10 years were recruited. Participants included 316 preadolescents (50% female, age: 9.5 ± 1.1 years, BMI: 17.9 ± 3.3 kg/m). Fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF], muscular fitness), activity behaviors (physical activity, sedentary, sleep), and dietary patterns were measured. Factor analysis was used to derive a CMD risk score from 13 variables (adiposity, peripheral and central hemodynamics, glycemic control, and blood lipids).
Only CRF (β = -0.45, < 0.001) and sedentary time (β = 0.12, = 0.019) were associated with the CMD risk score in the adjusted multivariable analysis. CRF was found to be nonlinear (VO max ≤ ≈42 mL/kg/min associated with higher CMD risk score), and thus a CRF polynomial term was added, which was also associated (β = 0.19, < 0.001) with the CMD risk score. Significant associations were not found with sleep or dietary variables.
The findings indicate that increasing CRF and decreasing sedentary behavior may be important public health targets in preadolescent children.
心脏代谢疾病（CMD）风险通常在生命早期就开始出现。健康的生活方式行为可以降低风险，但尚未确定最佳的行为组合。这项横断面研究同时考察了生活方式因素（体能、活动行为和饮食模式）与青春期前儿童CMD风险之间的关联。
招募了1480名8至10岁的新西兰儿童。参与者包括316名青春期前儿童（50%为女性，年龄：9.5±1.1岁，体重指数：17.9±3.3kg/m）。测量了体能（心肺适能[CRF]、肌肉适能）、活动行为（身体活动、久坐、睡眠）和饮食模式。采用因子分析从13个变量（肥胖、外周和中心血流动力学、血糖控制和血脂）中得出CMD风险评分。
在调整后的多变量分析中，只有CRF（β=-0.45，<0.001）和久坐时间（β=0.12，=0.019）与CMD风险评分相关。发现CRF呈非线性（最大摄氧量≤≈42mL/kg/min与较高的CMD风险评分相关），因此添加了CRF多项式项，其也与CMD风险评分相关（β=0.19，<0.001）。未发现与睡眠或饮食变量有显著关联。
研究结果表明，增加CRF和减少久坐行为可能是青春期前儿童重要的公共卫生目标。
