Abraham S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney, Australia.
Psychopathology. 1996;29(4):218-22. doi: 10.1159/000284996.
Ballet dancers (n = 60) in full-time ballet training and school students (n = 216) completed questionnaires relating to body weight and eating behaviour. Dancers were at lower body weight and had less body fat. Dancers considered they were more preoccupied with thoughts of eating and body weight, felt they had greater difficulty controlling their body weight, used and abused laxatives for weight control, and reported disordered eating more than school students. Two-thirds of dancers and students were currently using at least one method of weight control, dancers favouring not eating between meals, and students exercise. Both groups reported binge eating and using multiple methods to control this behaviour. The pressure for dancers to be at below average weight affects their eating and weight controlling behaviours and their life-style. Young women such as dancers, gymnasts and some athletes are required to be at low body weight. These women maintain high levels of exercise. Whether ballet dancers are self-selected as they are genetically slim, control their body weight with the higher levels of exercise or need to employ strategies to maintain their low body weight, has not been clarified. A significant proportion of ballet dancers have been reported to have symptoms of anorexia nervosa and to be described as 'weight preoccupied'. It has also been suggested that the incidence of disordered eating is greater in women who are under pressure to maintain low body weight. The aim of this study is to compare the eating and weight losing behaviour, attitudes and anthropomorphic characteristics of young women in full-time ballet training and those who are not.
接受全日制芭蕾舞训练的芭蕾舞演员（n = 60）和在校学生（n = 216）完成了与体重和饮食行为相关的问卷调查。芭蕾舞演员体重更低，体脂更少。芭蕾舞演员认为他们更纠结于饮食和体重问题，觉得控制体重更困难，会使用和滥用泻药来控制体重，且报告的饮食失调情况比在校学生更多。三分之二的芭蕾舞演员和学生目前至少在使用一种控制体重的方法，芭蕾舞演员倾向于在两餐之间不吃东西，而学生则选择锻炼。两组都报告有暴饮暴食的情况，并使用多种方法来控制这种行为。对芭蕾舞演员来说，保持低于平均体重的压力影响了他们的饮食和体重控制行为以及生活方式。像芭蕾舞演员、体操运动员和一些运动员这样的年轻女性被要求保持低体重。这些女性保持着高水平的运动。芭蕾舞演员是因为基因苗条而自我选择从事这一职业，还是通过更高强度的运动来控制体重，抑或是需要采取策略来维持低体重，目前尚未明确。据报道，相当一部分芭蕾舞演员有神经性厌食症的症状，并被描述为“过度关注体重”。也有人认为，在面临保持低体重压力的女性中，饮食失调的发生率更高。本研究旨在比较接受全日制芭蕾舞训练的年轻女性与未接受此类训练的年轻女性在饮食、减肥行为、态度和人体测量特征方面的差异。
