Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.
Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1, Canada.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Jan 22;14(2):289. doi: 10.3390/genes14020289.
Caffeine is the most consumed drug in the world, and it is commonly used by children. Despite being considered relatively safe, caffeine can have marked effects on sleep. Studies in adults suggest that genetic variants in the adenosine A2A receptor (, rs5751876) and cytochrome P450 1A (, rs2472297, rs762551) loci are correlated with caffeine-associated sleep disturbances and caffeine intake (dose), but these associations have not been assessed in children. We examined the independent and interaction effects of daily caffeine dose and candidate variants in and on the sleep quality and duration in 6112 children aged 9-10 years who used caffeine and were enrolled in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. We found that children with higher daily caffeine doses had lower odds of reporting > 9 h of sleep per night (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74-0.88, and = 1.2 × 10). For every mg/kg/day of caffeine consumed, there was a 19% (95% CI = 12-26%) decrease in the odds of children reporting > 9 h of sleep. However, neither nor genetic variants were associated with sleep quality, duration, or caffeine dose. Likewise, genotype by caffeine dose interactions were not detected. Our findings suggest that a daily caffeine dose has a clear negative correlation with sleep duration in children, but this association is not moderated by the or genetic variation.
咖啡因是世界上使用最广泛的药物之一，儿童也经常使用。尽管被认为相对安全，但咖啡因会对睡眠产生明显的影响。成人研究表明，腺苷 A2A 受体（，rs5751876）和细胞色素 P450 1A（，rs2472297、rs762551）基因座的遗传变异与咖啡因相关的睡眠障碍和咖啡因摄入量（剂量）有关，但这些关联尚未在儿童中进行评估。我们在使用咖啡因且年龄在 9-10 岁的 6112 名儿童中，检查了每日咖啡因剂量和 和 中候选变异的独立和相互作用效应对睡眠质量和持续时间的影响，这些儿童均参与了青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究。我们发现，每日咖啡因剂量较高的儿童报告每晚睡眠时间超过 9 小时的可能性较低（OR = 0.81，95% CI = 0.74-0.88，p = 1.2 × 10）。每毫克/公斤/天的咖啡因摄入量增加，报告睡眠时间超过 9 小时的可能性降低 19%（95% CI = 12-26%）。然而， 和 基因变异均与睡眠质量、持续时间或咖啡因剂量无关。同样，也未检测到基因型与咖啡因剂量的相互作用。我们的研究结果表明，儿童每日咖啡因剂量与睡眠时间之间存在明显的负相关，但这种关联不受 和 基因变异的调节。
