School of Business, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road 101, Xuzhou 221116, China.
School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University, Xingangxi Road 135, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 9;20(4):3036. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043036.
The evaluation of environmental and health governance processes is an important part of the innovation and perfection of modern governance systems. Based on the macropanel samples, this paper analyzes the impact of the health damage caused by air pollution (APHD) on economic growth and the related mechanisms accordingly using the moderate model and the threshold model. The results can be concluded as follows: (1) After locking in the health damage perspective, the APHD has a negative impact on economic growth. When other conditions are met, economic growth will significantly drop by 1.233 percent for each unit increase in the APHD index. (2) There is a moderate effect of governance uncertainty in APHD on economic growth with different characteristics. The combination of governance uncertainty and APHD can significantly inhibit economic growth, and this moderating effect has different impacts due to heterogeneous conditions. Spatially, this inhibitory effect is significantly obvious in the eastern, central, and western regions, while the negative effect is significant in areas north of the Huai River with medium and low self-defense ability. Additionally, compared with the delegating of governance power at the municipal level, when the governance power is delegated at the county level, the interaction between the governance uncertainty constructed by income fiscal decentralization and APHD has a less negative economic effect. (3) There is a threshold effect under the conditions of a low level of decentralization of prevention and control, a high level of investment in governance, and a low level of APHD. However, under the condition of a certain APHD level, when the decentralization level of pollution control is higher than 7.916 and the input level of pollution control in GDP is lower than 1.77%, the negative moderating effect can be effectively reduced.
环境与健康治理过程评估是现代治理体系创新完善的重要内容。本文基于宏面板样本，运用适度模型和门槛模型，从健康损害视角分析了空气污染健康损害（APHD）对经济增长的影响及其相关作用机制。结果表明：（1）锁定健康损害视角后，APHD 对经济增长具有显著的负向影响，在其他条件不变的情况下，APHD 指数每增加 1 个单位，经济增长将显著下降 1.233%。（2）APHD 对经济增长的治理不确定性存在适度效应，且具有不同特征的治理不确定性与 APHD 的组合对经济增长的抑制作用显著，这种调节效应因异质性条件而呈现出不同的影响。空间上，这种抑制作用在东部、中部和西部地区表现得非常显著，而在淮河流域以北的中低自我保护能力地区，这种负向效应则更为显著。此外，与市级治理权力下放相比，当治理权力下放到县级时，收入财政分权构建的治理不确定性与 APHD 的相互作用对经济的负面影响较小。（3）在防控分权水平较低、治理投入水平较高且 APHD 水平较低的条件下，存在门槛效应。然而，在一定的 APHD 水平下，当污染控制分权水平高于 7.916，污染控制在 GDP 中的投入水平低于 1.77%时，这种负向调节效应可以得到有效降低。
