Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 7;24(4):3293. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043293.
This paper reviews recent studies investigating chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery systems for quercetin. The therapeutic properties of quercetin include antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-cancer potential, but its therapeutic value is limited by its hydrophobic nature, low bioavailability and fast metabolism. Quercetin may also act synergistically with other stronger drugs for specific disease states. The encapsulation of quercetin in nanoparticles may increase its therapeutic value. Chitosan nanoparticles are a popular candidate in preliminary research, but the complex nature of chitosan makes standardisation difficult. Recent studies have used in-vitro, and in-vivo experiments to study the delivery of quercetin alone or in combination with another active pharmaceutical ingredient encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles. These studies were compared with the administration of non-encapsulated quercetin formulation. Results suggest that encapsulated nanoparticle formulations are better. In-vivo or animal models simulated the type of disease required to be treated. The types of diseases were breast, lung, liver and colon cancers, mechanical and UVB-induced skin damage, cataracts and general oxidative stress. The reviewed studies included various routes of administration: oral, intravenous and transdermal routes. Although toxicity tests were often included, it is believed that the toxicity of loaded nanoparticles needs to be further researched, especially when not orally administered.
本文综述了最近研究壳聚糖纳米粒作为槲皮素药物传递系统的研究。槲皮素的治疗特性包括抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌潜力，但由于其疏水性、低生物利用度和快速代谢，其治疗价值受到限制。槲皮素也可能与其他针对特定疾病状态的更强效药物协同作用。将槲皮素包封在纳米粒中可能会提高其治疗价值。壳聚糖纳米粒是初步研究中的一个热门候选物，但壳聚糖的复杂性质使得标准化变得困难。最近的研究已经使用体外和体内实验来研究单独或与包封在壳聚糖纳米粒中的另一种活性药物成分联合给药的槲皮素。这些研究与非包封槲皮素制剂的给药进行了比较。结果表明，包封的纳米粒制剂更好。体内或动物模型模拟了所需治疗的疾病类型。所涉及的疾病类型包括乳腺癌、肺癌、肝癌和结肠癌、机械和 UVB 诱导的皮肤损伤、白内障和一般氧化应激。综述的研究包括各种给药途径：口服、静脉内和透皮途径。尽管经常包括毒性试验，但人们认为负载纳米粒的毒性需要进一步研究，特别是当不口服给药时。
