Prozorova Galina F, Pozdnyakov Alexander S
A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia.
Membranes (Basel). 2023 Jan 29;13(2):169. doi: 10.3390/membranes13020169.
In this review, a comparative analysis of the literature and our own results obtained in the study of the physicochemical, dielectric, and proton-conducting properties of composite polymer materials based on 1-1,2,4-triazole has been carried out. It has been established that 1-1,2,4-triazole and homopolymers and copolymers of 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole are promising for the development of proton-conducting fuel cell membranes. They significantly improve the basic characteristics of electrolyte membranes, increase their film-forming ability, increase thermal stability up to 300-330 °C, increase the electrochemical stability region up to 3-4 V, promote high mechanical strength and morphological stability of membranes, and provide high ionic conductivity (up to 10-10 S/cm) under anhydrous conditions at temperatures above 100 °C. There is also an improvement in the solubility and a decrease in the glass transition temperature of polymers based on 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole, which facilitates the processing and formation of membrane films. The results obtained demonstrate the uniqueness of 1-1,2,4-triazole and (co)polymers based on 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole and the promise of their use for the creation of heat-resistant plastic and electrochemically stable, mechanically strong proton-conducting membranes with high ionic conductivity under anhydrous conditions and at high temperatures.
在本综述中，对基于1,2,4-三唑的复合聚合物材料的物理化学、介电和质子传导性能研究的文献及我们自己得到的结果进行了比较分析。已确定1,2,4-三唑以及1-乙烯基-1,2,4-三唑的均聚物和共聚物对于质子传导燃料电池膜的开发具有前景。它们显著改善了电解质膜的基本特性，提高了其成膜能力，将热稳定性提高到300 - 330°C，将电化学稳定区域扩大到3 - 4V，促进了膜的高机械强度和形态稳定性，并在100°C以上的无水条件下提供了高离子电导率（高达10⁻¹⁰ S/cm）。基于1-乙烯基-1,2,4-三唑的聚合物的溶解性也有所改善，玻璃化转变温度降低，这有利于膜的加工和形成。所获得的结果证明了1,2,4-三唑以及基于1-乙烯基-1,2,4-三唑的（共）聚物的独特性，以及它们用于制造耐热塑料和在无水条件及高温下具有高离子电导率的电化学稳定、机械强度高的质子传导膜的前景。
