McAndrews M P, Glisky E L, Schacter D L
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Neuropsychologia. 1987;25(3):497-506. doi: 10.1016/0028-3932(87)90074-1.
This experiment investigated the durability of implicit memory for a single episode in normal and amnesic subjects. The target materials consisted of sentence puzzles that were difficult to comprehend in the absence of a key word or phrase. Sentences were re-presented at delays ranging from one minute to one week, and implicit memory was indicated by facilitation in solving previously incomprehensible sentences on subsequent exposures. Patients with severe memory impairments on tests of explicit recall and recognition showed substantial and robust facilitation, or priming, from a single prior presentation and there was no evidence of a systematic decay of facilitation over retention intervals up to one week. The long-lasting implicit memory observed in the sentence puzzle task contrasts with previous findings of rapid decay of priming effects in amnesic patients.
本实验研究了正常受试者和失忆症患者对单个事件的内隐记忆的持久性。目标材料由一些句子谜题组成，在没有关键词或短语的情况下难以理解。句子在从一分钟到一周的不同延迟后重新呈现，内隐记忆通过后续接触时解决先前难以理解的句子的促进作用来表明。在明确回忆和再认测试中存在严重记忆障碍的患者，从单一的先前呈现中表现出显著且强烈的促进作用，即启动效应，并且在长达一周的保持间隔内没有证据表明促进作用有系统性衰退。在句子谜题任务中观察到的持久内隐记忆与先前关于失忆症患者启动效应快速衰退的研究结果形成对比。
