School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 9;11:1117701. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1117701. eCollection 2023.
Particularly in the post-pandemic period, where public health emergencies offer a greater risk of supply disruptions, the operational hazards of pharmaceutical supply chains are uncertain. One of the main concerns for businesses is how to handle the risk of supply disruption and take the necessary precautions to lower the chance of loss. Pharmaceutical raw material suppliers, pharmaceutical manufacturers and medical institutions constitute a complete three-tiered supply chain. On the basis of this, in Materials and methods part, a share contract based on buyback proceeds is created as a result, and a combination contract based on centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making is employed to maximize the order volume of pharmaceutical supply chain participants. An out-of-stock cost pharmaceutical supply chain model is created, and a related solution is provided and measurable examples. In Results and discussion part, to confirm the accuracy of the model and algorithm, numerical examples are employed. Buyback prices and order volumes were subjected to sensitivity analysis, and discussion is had over how various parameters affect a model's performance. Due to supply disruptions, the study's findings show that there is "double sourcing" between upstream pharmaceutical raw materials and downstream major suppliers, necessitating the establishment of a supply chain with numerous standby suppliers. At the same time, modifying the contract parameters can improve the supply motivation of backup suppliers and guarantee the profitability of downstream medical institutions.
特别是在后疫情时期，公共卫生突发事件对供应链中断的风险更大，药品供应链的运营风险存在不确定性。企业关注的主要问题之一是如何应对供应中断的风险，并采取必要的预防措施降低损失的可能性。药品原材料供应商、药品制造商和医疗机构构成了完整的三级供应链。在此基础上，在方法部分创建了基于回购收益的份额合同，并采用集中决策和分散决策相结合的组合合同，以最大化药品供应链参与者的订单量。创建了一个缺货成本药品供应链模型，并提供了相关解决方案和可衡量的示例。在结果与讨论部分，采用数值示例来验证模型和算法的准确性。对回购价格和订单量进行了敏感性分析，并讨论了各种参数如何影响模型的性能。由于供应中断，研究结果表明，上游药品原材料和下游主要供应商之间存在“双重采购”，需要建立一个具有多个备用供应商的供应链。同时，修改合同参数可以提高备用供应商的供应积极性，保证下游医疗机构的盈利能力。
