Rhenix Lifesciences, Hyderabad, India.
CureScience, San Diego, CA, United States.
Front Immunol. 2023 Feb 9;14:1105420. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105420. eCollection 2023.
Neoantigen vaccines are based on epitopes of antigenic parts of mutant proteins expressed in cancer cells. These highly immunogenic antigens may trigger the immune system to combat cancer cells. Improvements in sequencing technology and computational tools have resulted in several clinical trials of neoantigen vaccines on cancer patients. In this review, we have looked into the design of the vaccines which are undergoing several clinical trials. We have discussed the criteria, processes, and challenges associated with the design of neoantigens. We searched different databases to track the ongoing clinical trials and their reported outcomes. We observed, in several trials, the vaccines boost the immune system to combat the cancer cells while maintaining a reasonable margin of safety. Detection of neoantigens has led to the development of several databases. Adjuvants also play a catalytic role in improving the efficacy of the vaccine. Through this review, we can conclude that the efficacy of vaccines can make it a potential treatment across different types of cancers.
肿瘤新生抗原疫苗基于癌细胞中表达的突变蛋白抗原部分的表位。这些高免疫原性抗原可能触发免疫系统对抗癌细胞。测序技术和计算工具的改进导致了几种针对癌症患者的肿瘤新生抗原疫苗的临床试验。在这篇综述中，我们研究了正在进行临床试验的疫苗的设计。我们讨论了设计肿瘤新生抗原相关的标准、流程和挑战。我们搜索了不同的数据库来跟踪正在进行的临床试验及其报告的结果。我们观察到，在几项试验中，疫苗可以增强免疫系统对抗癌细胞，同时保持合理的安全边际。对肿瘤新生抗原的检测已经导致了几个数据库的发展。佐剂也在提高疫苗疗效方面发挥了催化作用。通过这篇综述，我们可以得出结论，疫苗的疗效可以使其成为治疗不同类型癌症的一种潜在治疗方法。
