Navish A A, Uthayakumar R
Department of Mathematics, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, 624 302 Tamil Nadu India.
Eur Phys J Spec Top. 2023 Feb 17:1-10. doi: 10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-00791-y.
Recent studies have focused on the similarity between -2 and various viruses from the Coronaviridae family (such as , and 13) to uncover the mystery of -2. Specifically, some studies identified that the -2 is closely related to 13 (a -related coronavirus found in bats) rather than the other viruses in that family. These studies are mainly focusing on the biological techniques to show the similarity between the -2 and other viruses. Examining proteins is not easy for common researchers unless for biologists. To rectify this flaw, we have to convert the protein to one of the known formats, which are easy to understand. Consequently, this study uses viral structural proteins to analyse the relationship between -2 and the rest of the coronavirus with the help of mathematical and statistical parameters and explores the various graph representations of , , 13 and -2 structural proteins, such as zig-zag curve, Protein Contact Map ( ) and Chaos Game Representation ( ). Though these graph interpretations are visually similar, a slight variation between the graphs reflects their structural and functional differences. Thus, we use an elegant parameter known as the fractal dimension to observe their minor changes. According to the nature of the graph, we employ different types of fractal dimensions, namely mass dimension and box dimension. Furthermore, we perform the similarity tests with normalized cross-correlation and cosine similarity to assess the comparability of the and graphs. The acquired values are near the sequence identity between -2 and , , 13.
最近的研究聚焦于-2与冠状病毒科的各种病毒（如 、 和13）之间的相似性，以揭开-2的奥秘。具体而言，一些研究发现-2与13（一种在蝙蝠中发现的与 相关的冠状病毒）密切相关，而非该家族中的其他病毒。这些研究主要侧重于运用生物技术来展示-2与其他病毒之间的相似性。对于普通研究人员来说，检测蛋白质并非易事，除非是生物学家。为了纠正这一缺陷，我们必须将蛋白质转换为一种易于理解的已知格式。因此，本研究借助数学和统计参数，利用病毒结构蛋白来分析-2与其他冠状病毒之间的关系，并探索 、 、13和-2结构蛋白的各种图形表示，如锯齿曲线、蛋白质接触图（ ）和混沌游戏表示（ ）。尽管这些图形解释在视觉上相似，但图形之间的细微差异反映了它们的结构和功能差异。因此，我们使用一种名为分形维数的精妙参数来观察它们的微小变化。根据图形的性质，我们采用不同类型的分形维数，即质量维数和盒维数。此外，我们使用归一化互相关和余弦相似度进行相似性测试，以评估 和 图形的可比性。获得的 值接近-2与 、 、13之间的序列同一性。
