Ugartemendia-Yerobi Maider, Kortajarena Maider, Elordi Udane, Zinkunegi-Zubizarreta Nagore, Zarrazquin Idoia, Calvo-Aguirre Juan J, Irazusta Amaia
Department of Nursing II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia/San Sebastián, Guipuzkoa, Spain.
Zorroaga Foundation, Alto Zorroaga, Donostia/San Sebastián, Guipuzkoa, Spain.
Int J Nurs Sci. 2022 Dec 26;10(1):16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2022.12.015. eCollection 2023 Jan.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of a multicomponent exercise programme on perceived health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and depressive symptomatology in older people living in a long-term nursing home (LTNH).
A quasi-experimental study was conducted. Forty-one older people were conveniently selected from the largest LTNH in the Basque Country. The participants were assigned to either an intervention group ( = 21) or a control group ( = 20). The intervention group participated in 50-min moderate intensity multicomponent physical exercise sessions (strength and balance, three sessions a week for 3 months). The control group participants continued their usual activities in the LTNH. Assessments were completed at baseline and reassessed after the 12-week intervention by the same nurse researchers who filled out the questionnaires: the 36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).
Thirty-eight participants completed the study (19 participants in each group). In the SF-36 parameters, physical functioning increase in the intervention group tends with a mean increase of 11.06 units (a 17.2% increase over the pre). In the role-emotional, the increase in the intervention group is with a mean increase of 5.27 units (a 29.1% increase over the pre) ( < 0.05). In social functioning, the increase in the control group is significant with a mean increase of 13.16 units (a 15.4% increase over the pre) ( < 0.05). There are no significant changes in the rest of the parameters, there are no differences between groups in the evolutionary pattern either.
As for the effects of the multicomponent exercise programme on HRQoL and depressive symptomatology, no statistically significant effects were obtained in the outcome data among older adults living in LTNHs. An increase in the sample size could confirm the trends obtained. The results may help inform the design of future studies.
本研究旨在调查多组分运动计划对长期养老院（LTNH）中老年人的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）和抑郁症状的影响。
进行了一项准实验研究。从巴斯克地区最大的长期养老院中方便地选取了41名老年人。参与者被分配到干预组（n = 21）或对照组（n = 20）。干预组参加50分钟的中等强度多组分体育锻炼课程（力量和平衡，每周三次，共3个月）。对照组参与者继续在长期养老院进行他们的日常活动。评估在基线时完成，并在12周干预后由填写问卷的同一名护士研究人员重新评估：36项简短问卷（SF - 36）和老年抑郁量表（GDS）。
38名参与者完成了研究（每组19名参与者）。在SF - 36参数中，干预组的身体功能有所增加，平均增加11.06个单位（比干预前增加17.2%）。在角色情感方面，干预组的增加平均为5.27个单位（比干预前增加29.1%）（P < 0.05）。在社会功能方面，对照组的增加显著，平均增加13.16个单位（比干预前增加15.4%）（P < 0.05）。其余参数无显著变化，两组在变化模式上也无差异。
至于多组分运动计划对HRQoL和抑郁症状的影响，在长期养老院生活的老年人的结果数据中未获得统计学上的显著效果。增加样本量可能会证实所获得的趋势。这些结果可能有助于为未来研究的设计提供信息。
