Abd El Baky Hanaa, El Baroty Gamal
Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2023 Mar 2;21(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s43141-022-00450-0.
Enhancement of lipid accumulation is the major strategy to improve the commercial feasibility of microalgae as a source for biodiesel production. Pseudochlorella pringsheimii (Formally was named as Chlorella ellipsoidea) green microalgae strain was chosen with respect to their ability as a potential source to produce high lipids content, could be used for the production of biofuel, which can be an alternative renewable energy source instead of fossil fuels.
Initially, the Pseudochlorella pringsheimii microalgae was evaluated on the basis of tested at Lab scales 2 L by applicable different nutrient individual of N, P, Fe conditions in BBM medium concentrations for choosing the best concentrations induce lipid contents and productivity to cultivate in large scale in the 2000 L PBR. The suitable concentrations of nutrients with highest lipid contents were obtained under deficient of nitrogen (1.25 gL, limited N) and phosphorus (0.1 mg L, limited P) coupled with high iron concentration (10 mg L, rich Fe) and CO (6%). Therefore, their collective of nutrients was applied to culture of microalgae cells at large scale in 2000 L photobioreactor (PBR model), which, this techniques was used to quantify high lipid contents (25% w/w) and high lipid productivity (74.07 mgL day). The inducted lipid conversion to biodiesel via transestrification process was 91.54 ± 1.43%. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs profile by means of GC/MS resulted in C16:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3 as a main constituents. With regard to physical-chemical property (such as density, kinematic viscosity, gravity, and certain number), the Pseudochlorella pringsheimii biodiesel have biofuel properties, in accordance with appropriate biodiesel properties, as ASTM and EU standards, that thereby referring to high quality biodiesel.
Pseudochlorella pringsheimii cultured in large scale in photobioreactor under stress condition have a high potential of lipids production with high quality of FAMEs that can be used as a promising biodiesel fuel. It has also a potential to be applied for commercialization based on the techno-economic and environmental impacts.
增强脂质积累是提高微藻作为生物柴油生产原料商业可行性的主要策略。选择了普林谢姆假小球藻（原名为椭圆小球藻）绿色微藻菌株，因其有潜力作为高脂质含量的来源，可用于生产生物燃料，这可以成为替代化石燃料的可再生能源。
最初，在实验室规模2升的条件下，通过在BBM培养基中适用不同的氮、磷、铁营养个体浓度，对普林谢姆假小球藻微藻进行评估，以选择最佳浓度来诱导脂质含量和生产力，以便在2000升的光合生物反应器中大规模培养。在氮缺乏（1.25克/升，有限氮）、磷缺乏（0.1毫克/升，有限磷）以及高铁浓度（10毫克/升，富铁）和二氧化碳（6%）的条件下，获得了脂质含量最高的合适营养浓度。因此，将它们的营养组合应用于在2000升光合生物反应器（PBR模型）中大规模培养微藻细胞，该技术用于量化高脂质含量（25% w/w）和高脂质生产力（74.07毫克/升·天）。通过酯交换过程将诱导的脂质转化为生物柴油的转化率为91.54±1.43%。通过气相色谱/质谱法得到的脂肪酸甲酯（FAMEs）谱以C16:0、C18:1、C18:2、C18:3为主要成分。关于物理化学性质（如密度、运动粘度、比重和某些数值），普林谢姆假小球藻生物柴油具有生物燃料特性，符合美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）和欧盟标准的适当生物柴油特性，从而表明是高质量生物柴油。
在应激条件下于光合生物反应器中大规模培养的普林谢姆假小球藻具有高脂质生产潜力，其脂肪酸甲酯质量高，可作为有前景的生物柴油燃料。基于技术经济和环境影响，它也有商业化应用的潜力。
