Penning L, Wilmink J T
State University Hospital of Groningen, Department of Neuroradiology, The Netherlands.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1987 Oct;12(8):732-8. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198710000-00003.
A computed tomography (CT) study of rotation of the cervical spine was undertaken in normal subjects aged 20 to 26 years. Section scans through the neck were made with the head in maximal rotation to the right or the left. Occiput, cervical spine, and first thoracic vertebra, thus, were depicted in different degrees of rotation with respect to the sagittal plane. These differences indicated the maximal degree of rotation in each of the eight segments between occiput and thoracic spine. Mean values for these segments were 1.0 degree, 40.5 degrees, 3.0 degrees, 6.5 degrees, 6.8 degrees, 6.9 degrees, 5.4 degrees and 2.1 degrees, respectively. Measurement error proved to be relatively small. By means of CT sections in the plane of the intervertebral joints (in three subjects in midposition, in one subject in maximal rotation of the head to one side) an axis of rotation could be constructed from the anatomic shape of the uncovertebral joints. The theory of Hall that the unciform processes are essential for rotation is confirmed and further elaborated.
对20至26岁的正常受试者进行了颈椎旋转的计算机断层扫描（CT）研究。在头部向右侧或左侧最大程度旋转的情况下，对颈部进行断层扫描。枕骨、颈椎和第一胸椎因此相对于矢状面呈现出不同程度的旋转。这些差异表明了枕骨和胸椎之间八个节段中每个节段的最大旋转程度。这些节段的平均值分别为1.0度、40.5度、3.0度、6.5度、6.8度、6.9度、5.4度和2.1度。测量误差相对较小。通过在椎间关节平面的CT断层扫描（三名受试者处于中间位置，一名受试者头部向一侧最大程度旋转），可以根据钩椎关节的解剖形状构建旋转轴。霍尔关于钩突对旋转至关重要的理论得到了证实并进一步阐述。
