School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Faculty of Preschool and Special Education, Xuzhou Kindergarten Teachers College, Xuzhou, China.
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2023 Feb;23(1):22-31. doi: 10.18295/squmj.1.2022.008. Epub 2023 Feb 23.
This study aimed to examine the long-term effects of parenting practice during preschool years on children's movement performance in primary school.
This three-year longitudinal study included 225 children aged 3-6-years-old. Parents reported baseline parenting practice and evaluated children's movement performance three years later. Latent class analysis was used to explore latent classes of movement performance. A post hoc test was used to identify the characteristics of different patterns. Finally, adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were used to test the influence of parenting practice on identified patterns of movement performance.
Children in this study were grouped into three movement performance patterns, labelled as 'least difficulties' (n = 131, 58.2%), 'low back pain' (n = 68, 30.2%) and 'most difficulties' (n = 26, 11.6%). After controlling for age, gender, having siblings or not, family structure, standardised body mass index, sleep condition and dietary habits, the researchers found that if parents played games with children frequently, the children would have a 0.287 times lower probability of being in the 'low back pain' class (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.105-0.783). In addition, if parents take children to meet peers of a similar age frequently, children would have a 0.339 times lower probability of being in 'most difficulties' class (95% CI: 0.139-0.825).
Primary healthcare providers should pay careful attention to children with movement difficulties. The study provides longitudinal evidence to support the applicability of positive parenting practice in early childhood to prevent children's movement difficulties.
本研究旨在探讨学前阶段养育实践对儿童小学运动表现的长期影响。
本项为期 3 年的纵向研究纳入了 225 名 3-6 岁儿童。家长报告了基线养育实践，并在 3 年后评估了儿童的运动表现。采用潜在类别分析探索运动表现的潜在类别。采用事后检验识别不同模式的特征。最后，采用调整后的多项逻辑回归模型检验养育实践对识别的运动表现模式的影响。
本研究中的儿童分为三种运动表现模式，分别为“最小困难”（n=131，58.2%）、“低度背痛”（n=68，30.2%）和“最困难”（n=26，11.6%）。在控制年龄、性别、是否有兄弟姐妹、家庭结构、标准化体重指数、睡眠状况和饮食习惯后，研究人员发现，如果父母经常与孩子玩游戏，孩子处于“低度背痛”类别的可能性降低 0.287 倍（95%置信区间[CI]：0.105-0.783）。此外，如果父母经常带孩子与同龄的同伴见面，孩子处于“最困难”类别的可能性降低 0.339 倍（95% CI：0.139-0.825）。
初级保健提供者应密切关注有运动困难的儿童。本研究提供了纵向证据，支持在儿童早期应用积极的养育实践来预防儿童运动困难。
