Shimbashi Reiko, Shiino Teiichiro, Ainai Akira, Moriyama Saya, Arai Satoru, Morino Saeko, Takanashi Sayaka, Arashiro Takeshi, Suzuki Motoi, Matsuzawa Yukimasa, Kato Kenichiro, Hasegawa Mitsuru, Koshida Rie, Kitaoka Masami, Ueno Takafumi, Shimizu Hidefumi, Yuki Hiroyoshi, Takeda Tomoko, Nakamura-Uchiyama Fukumi, Takasugi Kashiya, Iida Shun, Shimada Tomoe, Kato Hirofumi, Fujimoto Tsuguto, Iwata-Yoshikawa Naoko, Sano Kaori, Yamada Souichi, Kuroda Yudai, Okuma Kazu, Nojima Kiyoko, Nagata Noriyo, Fukushi Shuetsu, Maeda Ken, Takahashi Yoshimasa, Suzuki Tadaki, Ohnishi Makoto, Tanaka-Taya Keiko
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Glob Health Med. 2023 Feb 28;5(1):5-14. doi: 10.35772/ghm.2022.01060.
As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks in healthcare facilities are a serious public health concern, we performed a case-control study to investigate the risk of COVID-19 infection in healthcare workers. We collected data on participants' sociodemographic characteristics, contact behaviors, installation status of personal protective equipment, and polymerase chain reaction testing results. We also collected whole blood and assessed seropositivity using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and microneutralization assay. In total, 161 (8.5%) of 1,899 participants were seropositive between August 3 and November 13, 2020. Physical contact (adjusted odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.1-5.6) and aerosol-generating procedures (1.9, 1.1-3.2) were associated with seropositivity. Using goggles (0.2, 0.1-0.5) and N95 masks (0.3, 0.1-0.8) had a preventive effect. Seroprevalence was higher in the outbreak ward (18.6%) than in the COVID-19 dedicated ward (1.4%). Results showed certain specific risk behaviors of COVID-19; proper infection prevention practices reduced these risks.
由于医疗机构中2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的爆发是一个严重的公共卫生问题，我们进行了一项病例对照研究，以调查医护人员感染COVID-19的风险。我们收集了参与者的社会人口学特征、接触行为、个人防护装备的配备情况以及聚合酶链反应检测结果的数据。我们还采集了全血，并使用电化学发光免疫分析法和微量中和试验评估血清阳性率。在2020年8月3日至11月13日期间，1899名参与者中共有161人（8.5%）血清呈阳性。身体接触（调整后的优势比为2.4，95%置信区间为1.1-5.6）和气溶胶产生操作（1.9，1.1-3.2）与血清阳性率相关。使用护目镜（0.2，0.1-0.5）和N95口罩（0.3，0.1-0.8）具有预防作用。爆发病房的血清阳性率（18.6%）高于COVID-19专门病房（1.4%）。结果显示了COVID-19的某些特定风险行为；适当的感染预防措施可降低这些风险。
