Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
Departmentof Descriptive and Topographic Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University od Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2023 Feb 16;28(2):29. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2802029.
The Apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (Apaf-1) protein, as one of the factors involved in the activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, plays an important role in cancer biology. Apaf-1 expression in tumour cells has been shown to be downregulated, with significant implications for tumour progression. Hence, we investigated the expression of Apaf-1 protein in the Polish population of patients with colon adenocarcinoma without any therapy prior to radical surgery. Moreover, we assessed the relation between Apaf-1 protein expression and the clinicopathological factors. The prognostic activity of this protein was analyzed in relation to 5-year survival of patients. In order to show the localization of Apaf-1 protein at the cellular level, the immunogold labelling method was used.
The study was conducted using the colon tissue material from patients with histopathologically confirmed colon adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical expression of Apaf-1 protein was performed using Apaf-1 antibody at dilution 1:600. The associations between the immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression of Apaf-1 and clinical parameters were analyzed using the Chi2 test and Chi2Yatesa test. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to verify the relationship between the intensity of Apaf-1 expression and 5-year survival rate of patients. The results were considered statistically significant when 0.05.
Apaf-1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in whole tissue sections. Thirty-nine (33.23%) samples had strong Apaf-1 protein expression and 82 (67.77%) samples were characterized by low expression. The high expression of Apaf-1 was clearly correlated with the histological grade of the tumour ( = 0.001), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemical expression ( = 0.005), age ( = 0.015), depth of invasion ( < 0.001) and angioinvasion ( < 0.001). The 5-year survival rate was significantly higher in the group of patients with high expression of this protein (log-rank, < 0.001).
We can conclude that Apaf-1 expression is positively correlated with reduced survival of colon adenocarcinoma patients.
凋亡蛋白酶激活因子 1（Apaf-1）蛋白作为参与线粒体凋亡途径激活的因素之一，在癌症生物学中发挥着重要作用。肿瘤细胞中的 Apaf-1 表达已被证明下调，这对肿瘤的进展有重要意义。因此，我们研究了未经根治性手术前的波兰人群结肠癌患者中 Apaf-1 蛋白的表达情况。此外，我们评估了 Apaf-1 蛋白表达与临床病理因素之间的关系。分析了这种蛋白的预后活性与患者 5 年生存率的关系。为了显示 Apaf-1 蛋白在细胞水平上的定位，使用了免疫金标记法。
本研究使用组织学证实的结肠癌患者的结肠组织材料进行。使用 Apaf-1 抗体（稀释度为 1:600）进行 Apaf-1 蛋白的免疫组织化学表达。使用卡方检验和卡方 Yatesa 检验分析 Apaf-1 免疫组织化学（IHC）表达与临床参数之间的相关性。使用 Kaplan-Meier 分析和对数秩检验验证 Apaf-1 表达强度与患者 5 年生存率之间的关系。当 0.05 时，结果被认为具有统计学意义。
通过全组织切片的免疫组织化学染色评估 Apaf-1 的表达。39 个（33.23%）样本具有强烈的 Apaf-1 蛋白表达，82 个（67.77%）样本表现为低表达。Apaf-1 的高表达与肿瘤的组织学分级（ = 0.001）、增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）免疫组织化学表达（ = 0.005）、年龄（ = 0.015）、浸润深度（ < 0.001）和血管侵袭（ < 0.001）明显相关。该蛋白高表达的患者 5 年生存率明显更高（对数秩， < 0.001）。
我们可以得出结论，Apaf-1 表达与结肠癌患者生存时间缩短呈正相关。
