Psychological and Brain Sciences Department, Dartmouth College, 6207 Moore Hall, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin, 1202 West Johnson St. Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 3;13(1):3591. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29776-6.
Synchrony has been used to describe simple beat entrainment as well as correlated mental processes between people, leading some to question whether the term conflates distinct phenomena. Here we ask whether simple synchrony (beat entrainment) predicts more complex attentional synchrony, consistent with a common mechanism. While eye-tracked, participants listened to regularly spaced tones and indicated changes in volume. Across multiple sessions, we found a reliable individual difference: some people entrained their attention more than others, as reflected in beat-matched pupil dilations that predicted performance. In a second study, eye-tracked participants completed the beat task and then listened to a storyteller, who had been previously recorded while eye-tracked. An individual's tendency to entrain to a beat predicted how strongly their pupils synchronized with those of the storyteller, a corollary of shared attention. The tendency to synchronize is a stable individual difference that predicts attentional synchrony across contexts and complexity.
同步已被用于描述简单的节拍同步以及人与人之间相关的心理过程,这使得一些人质疑该术语是否混淆了不同的现象。在这里,我们询问简单的同步(节拍同步)是否可以预测更复杂的注意力同步,这与一个共同的机制一致。在眼动跟踪过程中,参与者听定期间隔的音调,并指示音量变化。在多个会议中,我们发现了一个可靠的个体差异:有些人比其他人更能使注意力同步,这反映在与节拍匹配的瞳孔扩张上,这些瞳孔扩张可以预测表现。在第二项研究中,眼动跟踪的参与者完成了节拍任务,然后听一位故事讲述者的故事,这位讲述者在眼动跟踪时已经被记录下来。一个人对节拍的同步倾向预测了他们的瞳孔与故事讲述者的瞳孔同步的强度,这是注意力共享的必然结果。同步的倾向是一种稳定的个体差异,可以预测不同情境和复杂性下的注意力同步。