Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen 518036, China.
Department of Child Healthcare, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518100, China.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Aug 18;108(9):2315-2323. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgad107.
The present study aimed to prospectively evaluate the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the gut microbiota in 1- and 6-month-old offspring, as well as the dynamic changes from 1 to 6 months of age.
Seventy-three mother-infant dyads (34 GDM vs 39 non-GDM) were included in this longitudinal study. Two fecal samples were collected for each included infant at home by the parents at 1 month of age ("M1 phase") and again at 6 months of age ("M6 phase"). Gut microbiota were profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Although no significant differences were observed in diversity and composition between GDM and non-GDM groups in the M1 phase, we observed differential structures and composition in the M6 phase between the 2 groups (P < .05), with lower levels of diversity, 6 depleted and 10 enriched gut microbes among infants born to GDM mothers. The dynamic changes in alpha diversity from the M1 to M6 phase were also significantly different according to GDM status (P < .05). Moreover, we found that the altered gut bacteria in the GDM group were correlated with infants' growth.
Maternal GDM was associated not only with the community structure and composition in the gut microbiota of offspring at a specific time point, but also with the differential changes from birth to infancy. Altered colonization of the GDM infants' gut microbiota might affect their growth. Our findings underscore the critical impact of GDM on the formation of early-life gut microbiota and on the growth and development of infants.
本研究旨在前瞻性评估妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）对 1 月龄和 6 月龄后代肠道微生物群的影响，以及从 1 月龄到 6 月龄的动态变化。
本纵向研究纳入了 73 对母婴（34 例 GDM 与 39 例非 GDM）。由父母在家中为每个纳入的婴儿采集 2 份粪便样本，分别在 1 月龄（“M1 期”）和 6 月龄（“M6 期”）采集。通过 16S rRNA 基因测序对肠道微生物群进行分析。
尽管在 M1 期，GDM 组和非 GDM 组在多样性和组成上没有显著差异，但我们在 M6 期观察到两组之间存在不同的结构和组成（P <.05），GDM 母亲所生婴儿的多样性较低，有 6 种肠道微生物减少，10 种肠道微生物增多。根据 GDM 状态，从 M1 期到 M6 期的 alpha 多样性的动态变化也有显著差异（P <.05）。此外，我们发现 GDM 组中改变的肠道细菌与婴儿的生长有关。
母体 GDM 不仅与特定时间点后代肠道微生物群的群落结构和组成有关，而且与从出生到婴儿期的差异变化有关。GDM 婴儿肠道微生物群定植的改变可能会影响他们的生长。我们的研究结果强调了 GDM 对早期生命肠道微生物群形成以及婴儿生长发育的关键影响。
