Sokou Rozeta, Moschari Eirini, Palioura Alexia Eleftheria, Palioura Aikaterini-Pothiti, Mpakosi Alexandra, Adamakidou Theodoula, Vlachou Eugenia, Theodoraki Martha, Iacovidou Nicoletta, Tsartsalis Athanasios N
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nikea "Agios Panteleimon", 18454 Piraeus, Greece.
Neonatal Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece.
Microorganisms. 2024 Jul 31;12(8):1564. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081564.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important health issue, as it is connected with adverse effects to the mother as well as the fetus. A factor of essence for the pathology of this disorder is the gut microbiota, which seems to have an impact on the development and course of GDM. The role of the gut microbiota on maternal reproductive health and all the changes that happen during pregnancy as well as during the neonatal period is of high interest. The correct establishment and maturation of the gut microbiota is of high importance for the development of basic biological systems. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature on the effect of GDM on the gut microbiota of neonates, as well as possible links to morbidity and mortality of neonates born to mothers with GDM. Systematic research took place in databases including PubMed and Scopus until June 2024. Data that involved demographics, methodology, and changes to the microbiota were derived and divided based on patients with exposure to or with GDM. The research conducted on online databases revealed 316 studies, of which only 16 met all the criteria and were included in this review. Research from the studies showed great heterogeneity and varying findings at the level of changes in α and β diversity and enrichment or depletion in phylum, gene, species, and operational taxonomic units in the neonatal gut microbiota of infants born to mothers with GDM. The ways in which the microbiota of neonates and infants are altered due to GDM remain largely unclear and require further investigation. Future studies are needed to explore and clarify these mechanisms.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是一个重要的健康问题，因为它与对母亲和胎儿的不良影响有关。这种疾病病理的一个关键因素是肠道微生物群，它似乎对GDM的发展和进程有影响。肠道微生物群在孕产妇生殖健康以及孕期和新生儿期发生的所有变化中的作用备受关注。肠道微生物群的正确建立和成熟对于基本生物系统的发育至关重要。本研究的目的是对关于GDM对新生儿肠道微生物群的影响以及与GDM母亲所生新生儿发病率和死亡率的可能联系的文献进行系统综述。截至2024年6月，在包括PubMed和Scopus在内的数据库中进行了系统研究。涉及人口统计学、方法学和微生物群变化的数据根据暴露于GDM或患有GDM的患者进行提取和划分。在在线数据库上进行的研究共检索到316项研究，其中只有16项符合所有标准并被纳入本综述。研究结果显示，在患有GDM的母亲所生婴儿的新生儿肠道微生物群中，α和β多样性的变化以及门、基因、物种和操作分类单元的富集或耗竭水平存在很大异质性和不同的研究结果。GDM导致新生儿和婴儿微生物群改变的方式在很大程度上仍不清楚，需要进一步研究。未来的研究需要探索和阐明这些机制。
