Kahrizi Danial, Far Atefeh Fahimi, Chaghakaboodi Zeinab, Khazaei Mozafar, Sozmen Esra Ucar, Dogan Hulya
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 May;50(5):4187-4192. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08319-2. Epub 2023 Mar 10.
In medicinal plants, selection, reproduction and preservation of important genotypes are very necessary. Nowadays, using tissue culture and regeneration techniques of medicinal plants under in vitro conditions has been able to proliferate medicinal plants widely, which is much higher than traditional methods of vegetative propagation. Maca (Lepidium meyenii), is an industrial plant whose root is the usable part. Maca has valuable medicinal effects such as sexual enhancement and reproductive power, infertility treatment, improved sperm count and quality, anti-stress, osteoporosis prevention and more.
This study was conducted to induce callus and regeneration of Maca. First, MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of Kinetin, Naphthaleneacetic acid and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [0.5, 1 and 2 µM respectively] and control were compared for callus induction from root and leaves. After 38 days of incubation, the first callus appeared, after 50 days of callus induction and after 79 days regeneration occurred. The callus induction experiment was performed for the study of the effect of three explants (leaf, stem and root) and seven hormone levels. The regeneration experiment was carried out by studying the effect of three explants (leaf, stem and root) on eight levels of the hormone. The results of data analysis on callus induction showed that the effects of explants, hormones and their interactions on callus induction percentage were highly significant but not significant on callus growth rate. The results of regression analysis showed that explants, hormones and their interactions had no significant effect on regeneration percentage.
Based on our results, the best medium for inducing callus was Hormone 2,4-D [2 µM] and Kinetin [0.5 µM], in which the highest percentage of callus induction was in leaf explants (62%). And the lowest were in stem (30%) and root (27%) explants. According to the comparison of the mean, the best environment for regeneration of the environment was 4 µM 6-Benzylaminopurine 2.5 + Thidiazuron, in which the highest percentage of regeneration was in leaf explant (87%) and stem (69%) and the lowest in root explant (12). %).
在药用植物中，重要基因型的选择、繁殖和保存非常必要。如今，利用药用植物在体外条件下的组织培养和再生技术已能够广泛增殖药用植物，这比传统的营养繁殖方法效率高得多。玛咖（Lepidium meyenii）是一种工业植物，其根部是可利用部分。玛咖具有宝贵的药用功效，如增强性功能和生殖能力、治疗不孕症、提高精子数量和质量、抗应激、预防骨质疏松等。
本研究旨在诱导玛咖的愈伤组织和再生。首先，比较了添加不同浓度激动素、萘乙酸和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（分别为0.5、1和2 μM）的MS培养基以及对照培养基对根和叶愈伤组织诱导的影响。培养38天后出现第一批愈伤组织，愈伤组织诱导50天后，79天后发生再生。进行愈伤组织诱导实验以研究三种外植体（叶、茎和根）和七种激素水平的影响。通过研究三种外植体（叶、茎和根）对八种激素水平的影响进行再生实验。愈伤组织诱导数据分析结果表明，外植体、激素及其相互作用对愈伤组织诱导率有极显著影响，但对愈伤组织生长速率无显著影响。回归分析结果表明，外植体、激素及其相互作用对再生率无显著影响。
根据我们的结果，诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基是激素2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸[2 μM]和激动素[0.5 μM]，其中叶外植体的愈伤组织诱导率最高（62%）。茎（30%）和根（27%）外植体的诱导率最低。根据平均值比较，再生的最佳环境是4 μM 6-苄基腺嘌呤2.5 + 噻苯隆，其中叶外植体（87%）和茎（69%）的再生率最高，根外植体（最低（12%）。
