Latina Delia, Goreis Andreas, Sajko Polona, Kothgassner Oswald D
Center for Lifespan Developmental Research, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden.
Department of Child and Adolescents Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 6;12(5):2056. doi: 10.3390/jcm12052056.
(1) Background: Many studies have used a well-known social exclusion task, namely Cyberball, to assess the psychophysiological reactions to ostracism in laboratory settings. However, this task has been recently criticized for its lack of realism. Instant messaging communication platforms are currently central communication channels where adolescents conduct their social life. These should be considered when recreating the emotional experiences that fuel the development of negative emotions. To overcome this limitation, a new ostracism task, namely SOLO (Simulated On-Line Ostracism), recreating hostile interactions (i.e., exclusion and rejection) over WhatsApp was developed. The aim of this manuscript is to compare adolescents' self-reported negative and positive affect, as well as physiological reactivity (i.e., heat rate, HR; heart rate variability, HRV) exhibited during SOLO to Cyberball. (2) Method: A total of 35 participants (Mage = 15.16; SD = 1.48; 24 females) took part in the study. The first group ( = 23; transdiagnostic group), recruited at an inpatient and outpatient unit of a clinic for children and adolescent psychiatry, psychotherapy, and psychosomatic therapy in Baden-Württemberg (Germany), reported clinical diagnoses linked with emotional dysregulation (e.g., self-injury and depression). The second group (n = 12; control group), recruited in the district of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, had no pre-existing clinical diagnoses. (3) Results: The transdiagnostic group showed higher HR (b = 4.62, < 0.05) and lower HRV (b = 10.20, < 0.01) in SOLO than in Cyberball. They also reported increased negative affect (interaction b = -0.5, < 0.01) after SOLO but not after Cyberball. In the control group, no differences in either HR ( = 0.34) or HRV ( = 0.08) between tasks were found. In addition, no difference in negative affect after either task ( = 0.83) was found. (4) Conclusion: SOLO could be an ecologically valid alternative to Cyberball when assessing reactions to ostracism in adolescents with emotional dysregulation.
（1）背景：许多研究使用了一种著名的社会排斥任务，即网络投球（Cyberball），来评估实验室环境中对排斥的心理生理反应。然而，这项任务最近因缺乏现实性而受到批评。即时通讯交流平台目前是青少年进行社交生活的核心交流渠道。在重现引发负面情绪的情感体验时应考虑到这些因素。为克服这一局限性，开发了一种新的排斥任务，即SOLO（模拟在线排斥），它通过WhatsApp重现敌对互动（即排斥和拒绝）。本手稿的目的是比较青少年在SOLO和网络投球过程中自我报告的负面和正面情绪，以及生理反应（即心率，HR；心率变异性，HRV）。（2）方法：共有35名参与者（平均年龄=15.16；标准差=1.48；24名女性）参与了该研究。第一组（n = 23；跨诊断组）在德国巴登-符腾堡州一家儿童和青少年精神病学、心理治疗和身心治疗诊所的住院部和门诊部招募，报告有与情绪失调相关的临床诊断（如自我伤害和抑郁症）。第二组（n = 12；对照组）在巴伐利亚州和巴登-符腾堡州地区招募，没有预先存在的临床诊断。（3）结果：跨诊断组在SOLO中的心率（b = 4.62，p < 0. .05）高于网络投球，心率变异性（b = 10.20，p < 0.01）低于网络投球。他们还报告说，在SOLO后负面情绪增加（交互作用b = -0.5，p < 0.01），而在网络投球后没有增加。在对照组中，未发现任务之间心率（p = 0.34）或心率变异性（p = 0.08）有差异。此外，两项任务后负面情绪均无差异（p = 0.83）。（4）结论：在评估情绪失调青少年对排斥的反应时，SOLO可能是网络投球在生态学上有效的替代方法。
