Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Translational Research Collective, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 27;15(5):1189. doi: 10.3390/nu15051189.
Mediterranean diet interventions have demonstrated positive effects in the prevention and management of several chronic conditions in older adults. Understanding the effective components of behavioural interventions is essential for long-term health behaviour change and translating evidence-based interventions into practice. The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the current Mediterranean diet interventions for older adults (≥55 years) and describe the behaviour change techniques used as part of the interventions. A scoping review systematically searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO from inception until August 2022. Eligible studies were randomized and non-randomized experimental studies involving a Mediterranean or anti-inflammatory diet intervention in older adults (average age > 55 years). Screening was conducted independently by two authors, with discrepancies being resolved by the senior author. Behaviour change techniques were assessed using the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy (version 1), which details 93 hierarchical techniques grouped into 16 categories. From 2385 articles, 31 studies were included in the final synthesis. Ten behaviour change taxonomy groupings and 19 techniques were reported across the 31 interventions. The mean number of techniques used was 5, with a range from 2 to 9. Common techniques included instruction on how to perform the behaviour ( = 31), social support ( = 24), providing information from a credible source ( = 16), information about health consequences ( = 15), and adding objects to the environment ( = 12). Although behaviour change techniques are commonly reported across interventions, the use of the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy for intervention development is rare, and more than 80% of the available techniques are not being utilised. Integrating behaviour change techniques in the development and reporting of nutrition interventions for older adults is essential for effectively targeting behaviours in both research and practice.
地中海饮食干预措施已被证明对老年人多种慢性疾病的预防和管理具有积极影响。了解行为干预措施的有效组成部分对于长期的健康行为改变和将基于证据的干预措施转化为实践至关重要。本范围综述的目的是概述针对老年人（≥55 岁）的当前地中海饮食干预措施，并描述作为干预措施一部分使用的行为改变技术。范围综述系统地检索了 Medline、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Scopus 和 PsycINFO 从成立到 2022 年 8 月的所有内容。合格的研究包括涉及地中海或抗炎饮食干预的随机和非随机实验研究，其中老年人（平均年龄＞55 岁）。两名作者独立进行筛选，有分歧的地方由资深作者解决。使用行为改变技术分类法（第 1 版）评估行为改变技术，该分类法详细列出了 93 个分层技术，分为 16 个类别。从 2385 篇文章中，最终综合分析纳入了 31 项研究。在 31 项干预措施中，报告了 10 个行为改变分类群组和 19 项技术。使用的技术平均数量为 5 个，范围从 2 到 9。常见的技术包括关于如何执行行为的指导（=31）、社会支持（=24）、提供来自可信来源的信息（=16）、关于健康后果的信息（=15）和向环境中添加物品（=12）。尽管行为改变技术在干预措施中经常被报告，但行为改变技术分类法在干预措施开发中的应用却很少，超过 80%的可用技术并未被利用。在为老年人制定和报告营养干预措施时，整合行为改变技术对于在研究和实践中有效针对行为至关重要。
