Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1266, IPNP (Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris), France; Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique et Epileptologie, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France; FHU NeuroVasc, Paris, France.
Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1266, IPNP (Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris), France; NeuroSpin, Atomic Energy Commission, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Pôle PEPIT, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2023 Apr;179(4):352-360. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.12.008. Epub 2023 Mar 10.
Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an essential tool, characterized by an excellent temporal resolution and offering a real window on cerebral functions. Surface EEG signals are mainly generated by the postsynaptic activities of synchronously activated neural assemblies. EEG is also a low-cost tool, easy to use at bed-side, allowing to record brain electrical activities with a low number or up to 256 surface electrodes. For clinical purpose, EEG remains a critical investigation for epilepsies, sleep disorders, disorders of consciousness. Its temporal resolution and practicability also make EEG a necessary tool for cognitive neurosciences and brain-computer interfaces. EEG visual analysis is essential in clinical practice and the subject of recent progresses. Several EEG-based quantitative analyses may complete the visual analysis, such as event-related potentials, source localizations, brain connectivity and microstates analyses. Some developments in surface EEG electrodes appear also, potentially promising for long term continuous EEGs. We overview in this article some recent progresses in visual EEG analysis and promising quantitative analyses.
脑电图（EEG）仍然是一种重要的工具，具有出色的时间分辨率，提供了对大脑功能的真实窗口。脑电信号主要由同步激活的神经组件的突触后活动产生。EEG 也是一种低成本的工具，易于在床边使用，可以用少量或多达 256 个表面电极记录脑电活动。对于临床目的，EEG 仍然是癫痫、睡眠障碍、意识障碍的关键研究手段。其时间分辨率和实用性也使 EEG 成为认知神经科学和脑机接口的必要工具。脑电视觉分析在临床实践中是必不可少的，也是最近进展的主题。一些基于 EEG 的定量分析可以补充视觉分析，例如事件相关电位、源定位、脑连接和微状态分析。表面 EEG 电极也有一些新的发展，这对长期连续 EEG 有很大的应用潜力。我们在本文中综述了脑电视觉分析和有前途的定量分析的一些最新进展。
