State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
School of International Business, Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 23;11:1050789. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1050789. eCollection 2023.
Wellbeing may have a protective role in health maintenance. However, no specific study clarified the particular protective effect of the subjective wellbeing of rural elderly people on survival probability. Few studies have examined the effect of the lifestyle of rural elderly people on their subjective wellbeing from different perspectives. We investigated whether improving subjective wellbeing increased the probability of longevity of rural elderly people and the effects of lifestyle behaviors on the subjective wellbeing of rural elderly people in different birth generations.
Data were derived from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), which is an ongoing open cohort study that adopts a multistage, random clustered sampling process. We used the data of elderly people who were aged 65 or over during 2006-2015 for analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test found that the survival probability of rural elderly people was significantly lower than urban elderly people. Based on a sample of rural elderly people, Cox regression and generalized estimating equations were performed as further analyses.
A total of 892 rural elderly people aged 65 or over were included in the sample in 2006. High subjective wellbeing was a protective factor against death. The subjective wellbeing of rural elderly people born in the 1940s/1930s/1908-1920s birth generations first decreased then increased. For rural elderly people born in the 1940s, there were significant positive effects of a preference for eating vegetables and walking/Tai Chi on subjective wellbeing. For rural elderly people born in the 1930s, preferences for eating vegetables, reading, and watching TV all had significant positive effects on subjective wellbeing. Rural elderly people born in the 1908-1920s who preferred watching TV had more subjective wellbeing.
Improving subjective wellbeing extended the life span and reduced mortality risk in rural elderly people and may be achieved by the shaping of a healthy lifestyle, such as preferences for eating vegetables, walking/Tai Chi, and reading.
幸福感可能在维持健康方面发挥保护作用。然而，尚无具体研究明确农村老年人主观幸福感对生存概率的特殊保护作用。很少有研究从不同角度考察农村老年人的生活方式对其主观幸福感的影响。我们研究了改善主观幸福感是否会增加农村老年人长寿的可能性，以及生活方式行为对不同出生世代农村老年人主观幸福感的影响。
数据来自中国健康与营养调查（CHNS），这是一项正在进行的开放队列研究，采用多阶段、随机聚类抽样过程。我们使用了在 2006-2015 年期间年龄在 65 岁及以上的老年人的数据进行分析。Kaplan-Meier 方法和对数秩检验发现，农村老年人的生存概率明显低于城市老年人。基于农村老年人样本，进一步进行了 Cox 回归和广义估计方程分析。
2006 年，共有 892 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的农村老年人被纳入样本。高主观幸福感是死亡的保护因素。出生于 20 世纪 40 年代/30 年代/1908-1920 年代的农村老年人的主观幸福感先下降后上升。对于出生于 20 世纪 40 年代的农村老年人，偏好吃蔬菜和散步/打太极对主观幸福感有显著的正向影响。对于出生于 20 世纪 30 年代的农村老年人，偏好吃蔬菜、阅读和看电视对主观幸福感都有显著的正向影响。出生于 1908-1920 年代、偏好看电视的农村老年人有更高的主观幸福感。
改善主观幸福感可以延长农村老年人的寿命，降低其死亡风险，这可能是通过养成健康的生活方式来实现的，如偏好吃蔬菜、散步/打太极和阅读。
