School of Health Science, Kapadokya University, Nevşehir, Türkiye.
Department of Biostatistics, Medical School, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 24;11:1095163. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1095163. eCollection 2023.
Self-rated health (SRH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) have closely related outcomes in measuring general health status in community-based studies. The aim of this study is to determine changes in the self-perceived overall health of people and affected factors by comparing the findings of two studies conducted in the same research area.
Both studies were conducted using the same measurement tools in households determined by random sampling techniques in the same research areas. The first and second studies were conducted with 1,304 and 1,533 people residing in 501 and 801 households in 2004 and 2017, respectively. The demographic data form, the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and a single-item SRH questionnaire were used for data collection.
The rate of good SRH increased from 56% to 70% while the average NHP score decreased from 30.87 to 20.34. The predictors of negative health perceptions were the presence of chronic diseases (OR 3.4-2.7-times higher), being female (OR.1.4-1.5 times higher), and the completion of primary education only (OR. 2.7-2.8 times higher) both 2004 and 2017. Living 500-1,000 m from the nearest healthcare facility was the main protective variable against poor SRH.
Good SRH and HRQoL have increased significantly over time. Chronic diseases, education, and gender are the strongest predictors of poor SRH.
在社区研究中，自评健康 (SRH) 和健康相关生活质量 (HRQoL) 在衡量总体健康状况方面具有密切相关的结果。本研究旨在通过比较在同一研究领域进行的两项研究的结果，确定人们自我感知整体健康状况的变化及其影响因素。
两项研究均采用相同的测量工具，通过随机抽样技术在同一研究区域确定家庭进行。第一项和第二项研究分别在 2004 年和 2017 年对居住在 501 户和 801 户家庭的 1304 人和 1533 人进行了调查。使用人口统计学数据表格、诺丁汉健康量表 (NHP) 和单一的 SRH 问卷进行数据收集。
良好的 SRH 率从 56%上升到 70%，而平均 NHP 评分从 30.87 下降到 20.34。健康感知负面的预测因素是患有慢性疾病（OR 3.4-2.7 倍更高）、女性（OR.1.4-1.5 倍更高）和仅完成小学教育（OR 2.7-2.8 倍更高），这两个因素在 2004 年和 2017 年均适用。距离最近的医疗保健设施 500-1000 米是不良 SRH 的主要保护变量。
良好的 SRH 和 HRQoL 随时间显著增加。慢性疾病、教育和性别是不良 SRH 的最强预测因素。
