School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, No.81, Mei Shan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, NO.1868, Dangshan Road, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China.
Int J Equity Health. 2018 Nov 8;17(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s12939-018-0875-0.
Self-rated health represents a reliable and important health measure related to general health and quality of life. This study aimed to identify the differences of health states of rural residents in a lower middle income setting in China and its associated factors.
A descriptive study of a stratified random sample of 3870 individuals was conducted in rural Anhui during 2015. We investigated the influence of five independent variables: individual demographic characteristics, family factors, social capital traits, physical health conditions and healthy lifestyle habits of participants who self-related their health as good. A chi-square test and ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to identify the relationship of these variables and self-rated health.
The study found that respondents who negatively rated their health often were female, elderly, poor, lived alone, had low levels of education, inadequate social support, poor physical health, used healthcare services and lived in the lower economic regions. We found no significant correlations between self-rated health and employment, marital status, medical insurance, or exercise frequency. Surprisingly, smoking and drinking also seemed to be unrelated to poor self-reported health.
Health differences based on region were apparent in rural China. We highlighted the possible impacts of income, age, physical health, education, advanced age, and social support on health. The results from this study could inform the delivery of appropriate health and social healthcare interventions to promote rural residents' health and quality of life.
自感健康是一种可靠且重要的健康衡量标准，与一般健康和生活质量相关。本研究旨在确定中国中低收入农村居民健康状况的差异及其相关因素。
2015 年在安徽省农村地区进行了一项分层随机抽样的 3870 人的描述性研究。我们调查了五个独立变量对参与者自感健康良好的影响：个体人口统计学特征、家庭因素、社会资本特征、身体健康状况和健康生活方式习惯。使用卡方检验和有序逻辑回归分析来确定这些变量与自感健康的关系。
研究发现，自感健康状况不佳的受访者往往是女性、老年人、贫困、独居、受教育程度低、社会支持不足、身体健康状况差、使用医疗保健服务和居住在经济欠发达地区。我们没有发现自感健康与就业、婚姻状况、医疗保险或锻炼频率之间存在显著相关性。令人惊讶的是，吸烟和饮酒似乎与自感健康不佳也没有关系。
中国农村地区的健康差异明显。我们强调了收入、年龄、身体健康、教育、高龄和社会支持对健康的可能影响。本研究的结果可以为提供适当的健康和社会医疗保健干预措施提供信息，以促进农村居民的健康和生活质量。
