植酸酶和木聚糖酶对肉鸡生长性能和黏蛋白 2 基因表达的影响。
Effect of phytase and xylanase enzymes on growth performance and Mucin2 gene expression in broiler chickens.
机构信息
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Animal Science Research Institute of IRAN (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
出版信息
Vet Med Sci. 2023 May;9(3):1241-1248. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1113. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
BACKGROUND
Development of exogenous enzymes is one of the most important discoveries in animal nutrition. The supplementation of exogenous enzymes in broiler diets allows for supplying nutrient deficiencies and to decrease endogenous losses.
OBJECTIVES
The effects of phytase (Hostazym and Phyzyme) and xylanase (Ronozyme) enzymes were investigated on growth performance and Mucin2 gene expression in broilers.
METHODS
A completely randomized design was applied, including 7 treatments, 4 replicates and 25 birds per replicates. A total of 700 male Ross (308) broiler chickens were fed with similar diets supplemented by Hostazym and Phyzyme (500 and 1000 FTU/kg) and Ronozyme (100 and 200 EXU/kg). Weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined for three phases and entire rearing period. On 42 days of age, four birds per replicate were slaughtered. Total RNA was extracted from jejunum samples, and Mucin2 gene expression was measured by real-time PCR.
RESULTS
Phytase and xylanase enzymes had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on traits (WG and FCR) in grower and finisher phases and whole rearing period, but FI was not affected by enzymes (p > 0.05). Carcass (74.13 g) and breast (27.76 g) weights by Hostazym (1000 FTU/kg) were higher than other treatments (p < 0.05). Weight of liver, bursa and spleen were significantly influenced by enzymes (p < 0.05). Likewise, bursa and spleen weights in Hostazym (1000 FTU/kg feed) and Ronozyme (200 EXU/kg feed) were significantly higher than other treatments (p < 0.05). Mucin2 gene expression was affected by enzymes in whole treatments. The lowest amount of Mucin2 gene expression belonged to Ronozyme (200 and 100 EXU/kg), and the highest was belonging to Hostazym (1000 FTU/kg).
CONCLUSIONS
Phytase enzymes have higher effect on broiler performance and Mucin2 gene expression compared to xylanase. High doses of Hostazym (1000 FTU/kg feed) could be supplemented in broiler chicken diets to improve optimum growth and feed efficiency.
背景
外源酶的开发是动物营养领域最重要的发现之一。在肉鸡日粮中添加外源酶可以弥补营养不足，减少内源损失。
目的
研究植酸酶（Hostazym 和 Phyzyme）和木聚糖酶（Ronozyme）对肉鸡生长性能和黏蛋白 2 基因表达的影响。
方法
采用完全随机设计，设 7 个处理，每个处理 4 个重复，每个重复 25 只鸡。700 只雄性罗斯（308）肉鸡饲喂类似日粮，添加 Hostazym 和 Phyzyme（500 和 1000 FTU/kg）和 Ronozyme（100 和 200 EXU/kg）。测定三个阶段和整个育肥期的体重增加（WG）、采食量（FI）和饲料转化率（FCR）。42 日龄时，每个重复屠宰 4 只鸡。从空肠样品中提取总 RNA，实时 PCR 测定黏蛋白 2 基因表达。
结果
植酸酶和木聚糖酶对生长期和育肥期以及整个育肥期的生长性能（WG 和 FCR）有显著影响（p<0.05），但 FI 不受酶的影响（p>0.05）。用 Hostazym（1000 FTU/kg）添加的鸡体增重（74.13g）和胸肌重（27.76g）高于其他处理（p<0.05）。肝脏、法氏囊和脾脏重量受到酶的显著影响（p<0.05）。同样，Hostazym（1000 FTU/kg 饲料）和 Ronozyme（200 EXU/kg 饲料）添加的法氏囊和脾脏重量也明显高于其他处理（p<0.05）。整个处理过程中，黏蛋白 2 基因的表达受酶的影响。Mucin2 基因表达量最低的是 Ronozyme（200 和 100 EXU/kg），最高的是 Hostazym（1000 FTU/kg）。
结论
与木聚糖酶相比，植酸酶对肉鸡生产性能和黏蛋白 2 基因表达有更高的影响。在肉鸡日粮中添加高剂量的 Hostazym（1000 FTU/kg 饲料）可以提高最佳生长和饲料效率。
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