Fiedler Heidelore, Ábalos Manuela, Parera Jordi, Abad Esteban, Lohmann Nina, Neugebauer Frank, Rottler Horst, Horstmann Michael
Örebro University, School of Science and Technology, MTM Research Centre, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
CSIC, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Laboratory of Dioxins, C. Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2023 Jun;325:138386. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138386. Epub 2023 Mar 11.
The global monitoring plan (GMP) established under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) had defined ambient air, human milk or blood, and water as core matrices to be analyzed and assessed for spatial and temporal distribution. Within projects coordinated by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), developing countries were offered to have other matrices analyzed for dioxin-like POPs (dl-POPs) in experienced laboratories. Subsequently, 185 samples from 27 countries located in Africa, Asia, and Latin America were collected during 2018-2019 and analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF), and biphenyls (PCB). Using the WHO toxic equivalency approach (TEQ), the amounts of dl-POPs found were low (<1 pg TEQ/g); however, singular samples had higher values; e.g., egg from Morocco, fish from Argentina or Tunisia; soil and sediment samples. Results showed that the matrix, abiotic or biota, had more impact on the TEQ pattern than the geographic location. Independent of the location and across all samples, dl-PCB in (shell)fish and beef samples had a contribution of 75% to the total TEQ; milk (63%), chicken (52%), and butter (50.2%) more than 50%. Sediment (57% and 32%) and soil (40% and 36%)) samples were dominated by PCDD and PCDF, respectively; therein, dl-PCB had shares of 11% and 24%. Egg samples (N = 27) did not follow the general biota pattern and had 21% of the TEQ from the PCDD, 45% from PCDF, and 34% from dl-PCB; thus, indicating that abiotic matrices such as soil or other material may have an impact.
根据《关于持久性有机污染物的斯德哥尔摩公约》制定的全球监测计划（GMP）已将环境空气、母乳或血液以及水定义为需进行时空分布分析和评估的核心基质。在联合国环境规划署（UNEP）协调的项目中，发展中国家有机会在经验丰富的实验室对其他基质进行二噁英类持久性有机污染物（dl-POPs）分析。随后，在2018 - 2019年期间收集了来自非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲27个国家的185个样本，并对多氯二苯并二噁英（PCDD）、二苯并呋喃（PCDF）和联苯（PCB）进行了分析。使用世界卫生组织毒性当量方法（TEQ），发现的dl-POPs含量较低（<1 pg TEQ/g）；然而，个别样本的值较高，例如摩洛哥的鸡蛋、阿根廷或突尼斯的鱼类；土壤和沉积物样本。结果表明，基质（非生物或生物群）对TEQ模式的影响大于地理位置。不考虑位置且在所有样本中，（壳）类鱼和牛肉样本中的dl-PCB对总TEQ的贡献率为75%；牛奶（63%）、鸡肉（52%）和黄油（50.2%）超过50%。沉积物（57%和32%）和土壤（40%和36%）样本分别以PCDD和PCDF为主；其中，dl-PCB的占比分别为11%和24%。鸡蛋样本（N = 27）不符合一般生物群模式，其TEQ的21%来自PCDD，45%来自PCDF，34%来自dl-PCB；因此，表明土壤或其他物质等非生物基质可能有影响。
