Effect of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty combined with arthroscopic debridement on knee osteoarthritis and analysis of risk factors of deep venous thrombosis.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the clinical effect of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty combined with arthroscopic debridement on knee osteoarthritis and the risk factors leading to deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

METHODS

Data of 110 patients with knee osteoarthritis admitted to The People's Hospital of Wenjiang Chengdu for surgical treatment from February 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical treatment methods, 58 patients treated with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty were included in the control group. The remaining 52 patients with combined treatment of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and arthroscopic knee debridement were included in the observation group. The therapeutic effect, knee joint function score, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, time required for knee flexion of 90°, length of hospital stay, and incidence of postoperative DVT were compared between the two groups 1 month after the operation. Risk factors leading to the development of DVT were analyzed.

RESULTS

One month after the operation, the overall response rate, knee joint function score, and VAS score in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group. The time required for knee flexion of 90° and length of hospital stay were shorter and the incidence of DVT was lower in the observation group than those in the control group. According to the occurrence of DVT, patients were divided into a DVT group and a non-DVT group. The univariate analysis revealed that age, body mass index, history of diabetes, coagulation parameters, and surgical methods were related to the occurrence of DVT. The logistics regression analysis revealed that age, body mass index, coagulation parameters, and surgical methods were independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of postoperative DVT.

CONCLUSION

The combined treatment of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and arthroscopic debridement can significantly improve knee joint function and bone metabolism and reduce the incidence of postoperative DVT of patients with knee osteoarthritis, achieving a more satisfactory therapeutic effect.