Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ichthyobiology and Aquaculture in Golysz, Chybie, Poland.
Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
J Fish Dis. 2023 Jun;46(6):663-677. doi: 10.1111/jfd.13777. Epub 2023 Mar 14.
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) can induce up to 100% mortality among carp populations. To date, there has been no safe method to prevent the consequences of the activity of CyHV-3. Thyme is widely used in cooking due to its flavour. Both thyme and thyme essential oil (TEO) are used in traditional herbal medicine, mainly to treat respiratory system disorders. In this study, TEO containing predominantly cymene and thymol was applied to explore its antiviral effect. The toxicity of TEO was examined in MTT and crystal violet assays. The anti-CyHV-3 activity of TEO in the intracellular and extracellular stages of the viral replication cycle was explored in a plaque assay and TaqMan qPCR. TEO interfered with the intracellular stages of the CyHV-3 replication cycle with selectivity indexes (SI) of around 5. It also displayed virucidal activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Two-hour preincubation of CyHV-3 with TEO generated SI, ranging from 13.37 to 18.47 depending on cell line and method of examination. Preincubation of cells with TEO at a safe concentration did not decrease the intracellular viral DNA copy number, which suggests that TEO does not disturb the attachment of the virus to the cells. Further research regarding the antiviral activity of compounds of TEO is required in order to indicate the most potent molecules that could be considered candidates for application in aquaculture.
鲤鱼疱疹病毒 3（CyHV-3）可导致鲤鱼种群死亡率高达 100%。迄今为止，尚无安全的方法可预防 CyHV-3 活动的后果。百里香因其风味而被广泛用于烹饪。百里香和百里香精油（TEO）均被用于传统草药医学，主要用于治疗呼吸系统疾病。在本研究中，应用含有主要为侧柏烯和百里香酚的 TEO 来探索其抗病毒作用。通过 MTT 和结晶紫测定法检查 TEO 的毒性。通过噬斑测定法和 TaqMan qPCR 研究了 TEO 在病毒复制周期的细胞内和细胞外阶段的抗 CyHV-3 活性。TEO 选择性指数（SI）约为 5 时干扰 CyHV-3 复制周期的细胞内阶段。它还表现出剂量和时间依赖性的病毒杀伤活性。用 TEO 对 CyHV-3 进行两小时预孵育，根据细胞系和检测方法的不同，SI 范围为 13.37 至 18.47。用 TEO 安全浓度预孵育细胞不会降低细胞内病毒 DNA 拷贝数，这表明 TEO 不干扰病毒与细胞的附着。为了指示可考虑用于水产养殖的最有效分子，需要进一步研究 TEO 化合物的抗病毒活性。
