Liu Meng, Liu Xinyi, Wang Yuqian, Wang Ziyang, Tuo Huihui, Feng Yiguo, Zheng Yan
Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2023 Mar 8;16:593-601. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S399372. eCollection 2023.
Epidermal cysts are common benign epithelial tumors. They are known to result from penetrating-type injuries or infection of human papillomavirus. The differential diagnosis commonly includes multiplex steatocystoma, lipoma, and neurofibroma. Pathological examination is essential for diagnosis, and surgical excision is the recommended treatment.
We report a case in a man who presented with a cystic lesion on the scalp over 22 years to provide clinical evidence for mechanism of epidermal cysts. We conducted epidemiological analysis of 3949 patients with epidermal cysts to clarify the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of epidermal cysts.
A total of 3949 individuals with confirmed epidermal cysts were collected for analysis. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM and analyzed using Student's -test.
Our data showed that the mean age of diagnosis of males was statistically earlier than that of females (P<0.001), but no significant difference in sex predilection was observed (P=0.55). The high incidence age of males and females was in the young and middle stage. Lesion locations were a bit different among age groups, but the face was the most common site of epidermal cyst at all age stages.
Our case offers clinical evidence to the theory which refers trauma as one of the main causes of epidermal cysts in hair-bearing area. According to analysis of large number of samples, we can further support the idea that epidermal cyst has equal sex predilection and mainly occurs on the young and middle-aged adults. It is usually solitary and most likely to be found on face and trunk.
表皮囊肿是常见的良性上皮性肿瘤。已知其由穿透性损伤或人乳头瘤病毒感染引起。鉴别诊断通常包括多发性皮脂囊肿、脂肪瘤和神经纤维瘤。病理检查对诊断至关重要，手术切除是推荐的治疗方法。
我们报告一例男性患者，其头皮出现囊性病变长达22年，为表皮囊肿的发病机制提供临床证据。我们对3949例表皮囊肿患者进行了流行病学分析，以阐明表皮囊肿的流行病学特征和临床特点。
共收集3949例确诊为表皮囊肿的个体进行分析。数据以均值±标准误表示，并采用学生t检验进行分析。
我们的数据显示，男性的平均诊断年龄在统计学上早于女性（P<0.001），但在性别偏好方面未观察到显著差异（P=0.55）。男性和女性的高发年龄均在中青年阶段。不同年龄组的病变部位略有不同，但面部是所有年龄阶段表皮囊肿最常见的部位。
我们的病例为创伤是有毛发区域表皮囊肿主要病因之一的理论提供了临床证据。根据大量样本分析，我们可以进一步支持表皮囊肿具有同等性别偏好且主要发生于中青年成年人的观点。它通常为单发，最常见于面部和躯干。
