Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
BMC Nephrol. 2023 Mar 15;24(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12882-023-03108-2.
Various nursing models are usually employed to achieve self-management and improve the quality of life in chronic conditions. Given its person-based characteristics, the 5 A nursing model can improve the quality of life of hemodialysis patients.
This study aimed to determine the role of a self-management program based on the 5 A nursing model in the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis.
This clinical trial was conducted on hemodialysis patients in Iran. Random sampling was adopted to assign 60 patients to intervention and control groups. After the participants completed a demographic questionnaire and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form (KDQOL-SF), routine measures were taken in the control group. However, the 5 A nursing model was implemented in the intervention group for three months. The self-care program was executed in face-to-face sessions or via phone calls and SMSs. After three months, the quality of life was measured again in both groups.
There were significant differences after the intervention between the intervention and control groups in specific dimensions of quality of life, such as cognitive functions, symptoms, sleep, dialysis, social support, and renal complications (P < 0.05). The two groups also had significant differences in the general scores of quality of life (P < 0.05).
The 5 A self-management intervention as a person-based model could improve self-care in hemodialysis patients. Nurses can implement this model to mitigate care costs, enhance interventions, and improve patients' quality of life.
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20211103052955N1; 19/11/2021).
各种护理模式通常用于实现自我管理并提高慢性病患者的生活质量。由于其以人为本的特点，5A 护理模式可以提高血液透析患者的生活质量。
本研究旨在确定基于 5A 护理模式的自我管理方案对血液透析患者生活质量的作用。
这是一项在伊朗进行的血液透析患者的临床试验。采用随机抽样法将 60 名患者分配到干预组和对照组。在参与者完成人口统计学问卷和肾脏病生活质量简表（KDQOL-SF）后，对照组采取常规措施。然而，在干预组中实施了 5A 护理模式三个月。自我护理方案通过面授课程或电话和短信进行。三个月后，再次测量两组的生活质量。
干预后，干预组和对照组在生活质量的特定维度，如认知功能、症状、睡眠、透析、社会支持和肾脏并发症方面存在显著差异（P<0.05）。两组在生活质量的总体评分方面也存在显著差异（P<0.05）。
基于人的 5A 自我管理干预模式可以提高血液透析患者的自我护理能力。护士可以实施这种模式来减轻护理成本，加强干预措施，并提高患者的生活质量。
伊朗临床试验注册中心（IRCT20211103052955N1；2021 年 11 月 19 日）。
