基于健康信念模型的教育干预对促进2型糖尿病患者自我护理行为的影响。
Effect of educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model on promoting self-care behaviors of type-2 diabetes patients.
作者信息
Shabibi Parisa, Zavareh Mohammad Sadegh Abedzadeh, Sayehmiri Kourosh, Qorbani Mostafa, Safari Omid, Rastegarimehr Babak, Mansourian Morteza
机构信息
M.Sc. of Health Education and Promotion, Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Ph.D. of Health Education and Promotion, Assistant Professor, Public Health Department, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
出版信息
Electron Physician. 2017 Dec 25;9(12):5960-5968. doi: 10.19082/5960. eCollection 2017 Dec.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Diabetes is a chronic disease in which patients require lifelong self-care behaviors. The present study offset to determine the effect of educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on promoting self-care behaviors of type 2 diabetes patients in Ilam, Iran 2014.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental research was conducted based on HBM in which 70 type 2 diabetic patients from Ilam, western Iran in 2014 were selected by multi-stage random sampling. A self-designed questionnaire was used, and pre-test was administered, subsequently, the educational intervention sessions were provided in the form of presentation, questions and answers, group discussion, and practical demonstrations in four sessions over a period of one month. Two months after the intervention, the post-tests were administered. The data were analyzed via SPSS 20 applying independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, and univariate and multivariate regressions at a significance level of less than 0.05.
RESULTS
The mean scores of susceptibility, severity, perceived benefits and barriers, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors were at average and lower levels before the intervention; nonetheless, after the educational intervention, the mean score of each HBM construct and the self-care behaviors significantly increased (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
Health education through HBM promotes the self-care behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes.
背景与目的
糖尿病是一种慢性病，患者需要终身进行自我护理行为。本研究旨在确定基于健康信念模式（HBM）的教育干预对促进2014年伊朗伊拉姆地区2型糖尿病患者自我护理行为的效果。
方法
基于HBM进行了一项准实验研究，2014年通过多阶段随机抽样从伊朗西部伊拉姆地区选取了70例2型糖尿病患者。使用自行设计的问卷进行预测试，随后，以讲座、问答、小组讨论和实践演示的形式在一个月内分四次进行教育干预课程。干预两个月后进行后测试。通过SPSS 20应用独立样本t检验、配对样本t检验以及单变量和多变量回归对数据进行分析，显著性水平小于0.05。
结果
干预前，易感性、严重性、感知利益和障碍、自我效能感以及自我护理行为的平均得分处于中等及较低水平；然而，经过教育干预后，每个HBM结构的平均得分和自我护理行为均显著提高（p<0.001）。
结论
通过HBM进行健康教育可促进2型糖尿病患者的自我护理行为。
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