Mersha Amanual Getnet, Eftekhari Parivash, Kennedy Michelle, Gould Gillian Sandra
School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle 2308, New South Wales, Australia.
Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle 2305, NSW, Australia.
Prev Med Rep. 2023 Feb 28;32:102168. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102168. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Effective smoking cessation medications (SCM) are available and are recommended for the treatment of tobacco smoking. In this study, we evaluated rate and factors associated with successful quitting among individuals who supported their quit attempt using SCMs in Australia. An observational online cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenience sample of smokers and ex-smokers in Australia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate socio-demographic, psychological, smoking, and medication use characteristics. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence scale was used to assess the level of nicotine addiction. Logistic regression used to identify factors associated with smoking cessation. Of the 201 respondents, 33.3% had successfully quit smoking. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), varenicline, and bupropion were used by 71.6%, 19.9%, and 8.5% respectively. The rate of quitting was 30.6%, 47.5%, and 23.5% for participants who used NRT, varenicline, and bupropion, respectively. Six in ten (59.6%) of the participants who were adherent to SCMs reported continuous abstinence. Whereas 22.9% reported quitting among participants who were nonadherent to SCMs. Adherence to SCMs was significantly associated with increased rate of quitting (AOR = 2.67, 95% CI of 1.17-6.10). Additionally, having smoke-free home was associated with successful smoking cessation (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI of 1.13-4.90). In conclusion, one in three participants self-reported that they successfully quit smoking. Adherence to SCMs and smoke-free home were strongly associated with quitting. Smoking cessation programs and future studies are recommended to incorporate medication adherence as a core component. Home-targeted and family-inclusive interventions are recommended to manage smoke-free homes and enhance success of quitting attempts.
有效的戒烟药物（SCM）已可供使用，并被推荐用于治疗吸烟。在本研究中，我们评估了在澳大利亚使用SCM支持其戒烟尝试的个体中成功戒烟的比例及相关因素。我们采用便利抽样法，对澳大利亚的吸烟者和已戒烟者进行了一项在线横断面观察性调查。使用一份自填式问卷来评估社会人口统计学、心理、吸烟及药物使用特征。使用尼古丁依赖的法格斯特龙测试量表来评估尼古丁成瘾水平。采用逻辑回归来确定与戒烟相关的因素。在201名受访者中，33.3%的人成功戒烟。分别有71.6%、19.9%和8.5%的人使用尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）、伐尼克兰和安非他酮。使用NRT、伐尼克兰和安非他酮的参与者的戒烟率分别为30.6%、47.5%和23.5%。十分之六（59.6%）坚持使用SCM的参与者报告持续戒烟。而在未坚持使用SCM的参与者中，报告戒烟的比例为22.9%。坚持使用SCM与戒烟率增加显著相关（调整后的比值比[AOR]=2.67，95%置信区间为1.17 - 6.10）。此外，家中无烟与成功戒烟相关（AOR = 2.34，95%置信区间为1.13 - 4.90）。总之，三分之一的参与者自我报告称他们成功戒烟。坚持使用SCM和家中无烟与戒烟密切相关。建议戒烟项目和未来研究将药物依从性纳入核心组成部分。建议开展以家庭为目标和包含家庭的干预措施，以营造无烟家庭并提高戒烟尝试的成功率。
