Chen Hui, Li Huilin, Ma Ting, Han Shuangshuang, Zhao Qiuping
Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.
Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, P. R. China.
Sci Technol Adv Mater. 2023 Mar 10;24(1):2183712. doi: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2183712. eCollection 2023.
As the boom of data storage and processing, brain-inspired computing provides an effective approach to solve the current problem. Various emerging materials and devices have been reported to promote the development of neuromorphic computing. Thereinto, the neuromorphic device represented by memristor has attracted extensive research due to its outstanding property to emulate the brain's functions from synaptic plasticity, sensory-memory neurons to some intelligent behaviors of living creatures. Herein, we mainly review the progress of these brain functions mimicked by neuromorphic devices, concentrating on synapse (i.e. various synaptic plasticity trigger by electricity and/or light), neurons (including the various sensory nervous system) and intelligent behaviors (such as conditioned reflex represented by Pavlov's dog experiment). Finally, some challenges and prospects related to neuromorphic devices are presented.
随着数据存储和处理的蓬勃发展，受脑启发的计算为解决当前问题提供了一种有效方法。据报道，各种新兴材料和器件推动了神经形态计算的发展。其中，以忆阻器为代表的神经形态器件因其在从突触可塑性、感觉记忆神经元到生物的一些智能行为等方面模拟大脑功能的卓越特性而吸引了广泛研究。在此，我们主要综述神经形态器件对这些大脑功能的模拟进展，重点关注突触（即由电和/或光触发的各种突触可塑性）、神经元（包括各种感觉神经系统）和智能行为（如以巴甫洛夫的狗实验为代表的条件反射）。最后，介绍了与神经形态器件相关的一些挑战和前景。
