Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115336, Iran.
Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115336, Iran; Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Poult Sci. 2023 May;102(5):102601. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102601. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
Detoxification approaches are evolving from physical to biological to eliminate the toxins altogether. The current study was conducted to compare the impact of 2 newly developed toxin deactivators, Magnotox-alphaA (MTA) and Magnotox-alphaB (MTB) with a commercially available toxin binder, Mycofix Plus (MF) in alleviating the pernicious effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in laying hens. The treatments were: 1) negative control (NC; without AFB1), 2) positive control (PC; contaminated with 500 ppb AFB1), 3) MF (PC + 2 kg MF/ton feed), 4) MTA (PC + 2 kg MTA/ton feed), and 5) MTB (PC + 2 kg MTB/ton feed). Detoxifying bacteria revealed a substantial reduction of different toxins in vitro, in which 98.8, 94.5, and 73.3% degradation rates were achieved, respectively, for zearalenone (ZEN), patulin, and AFB1 in the first 1 h of exposure. The PC group had a sharp decline in egg production (EP; 68.83%) while MTB showed the superior EP (95.74%) followed by NC (90.66%), MF (86.57%), and MTA (82.08%; P ≤ 0.05). Egg weight (EW) was also observed to be inferior in PC group (53.80 g; P ≤ 0.05). Egg mass (EM) was higher in MTB (57.55 g) and NC (54.33 g) groups while PC produced the lowest (39.64 g; P ≤ 0.05). MTB and NC groups also demonstrated the best FCR, 1.62 and 1.68, respectively, and PC manifested the poorest FCR (1.98) with higher ADFI (P ≤ 0.05). MTB also produced a superior moisture content (MC; 82.11%) with inferior DM (17.89%) in ileum content (P ≤ 0.05). The greatest liver fat content was found in MF group (48.19%) and MTA yielded the superior serum β-carotene and Vit A. MDA level in yolk samples was influenced by treatments, rendering the highest level in PC group (P ≤ 0.05). Ileum microbiota and blood characteristics were also affected by treatments. In general, MTB proves to be a toxin-deactivator candidate with comparable results to that of commercially available toxin-binders.
解毒方法正从物理方法向生物方法转变，以彻底消除毒素。本研究旨在比较两种新开发的毒素解毒剂 Magnotox-alphaA（MTA）和 Magnotox-alphaB（MTB）与市售毒素结合剂 Mycofix Plus（MF）在减轻黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）对蛋鸡的有害影响方面的作用。处理方法如下：1）阴性对照（NC；不含 AFB1），2）阳性对照（PC；污染 500 ppb AFB1），3）MF（PC+2 kg MF/吨饲料），4）MTA（PC+2 kg MTA/吨饲料）和 5）MTB（PC+2 kg MTB/吨饲料）。解毒细菌在体外显著降低了不同毒素的含量，其中在暴露的第一小时内分别达到了 98.8%、94.5%和 73.3%的降解率，分别为玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）、棒曲霉素和 AFB1。PC 组的产蛋率（EP；68.83%）急剧下降，而 MTB 表现出卓越的 EP（95.74%），其次是 NC（90.66%）、MF（86.57%）和 MTA（82.08%；P≤0.05）。PC 组的蛋重（EW）也较低（53.80 克；P≤0.05）。MTB 和 NC 组的蛋质量（EM）较高，分别为 57.55 克和 54.33 克，而 PC 组的产量最低（39.64 克；P≤0.05）。MTB 和 NC 组的 FCR 也最好，分别为 1.62 和 1.68，而 PC 组的 FCR 最差（1.98），ADFI 较高（P≤0.05）。MTB 还产生了较高的水分含量（82.11%）和较低的 DM（17.89%）在回肠内容物中（P≤0.05）。MF 组的肝脂含量最高（48.19%），MTA 产生了较高的血清β-胡萝卜素和维生素 A。蛋黄样品中的 MDA 水平受处理的影响，PC 组的水平最高（P≤0.05）。回肠微生物群和血液特征也受到处理的影响。总的来说，MTB 被证明是一种有希望的毒素解毒剂候选物，其效果可与市售的毒素结合剂相媲美。
