Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; email:
Merton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2023 Sep 15;77:45-66. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-115538. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
Here we review two connected themes in evolutionary microbiology: () the nature of gene repertoire variation within species groups (pangenomes) and () the concept of metabolite transporters as accessory proteins capable of providing niche-defining "bolt-on" phenotypes. We discuss the need for improved sampling and understanding of pangenome variation in eukaryotic microbes. We then review the factors that shape the repertoire of accessory genes within pangenomes. As part of this discussion, we outline how gene duplication is a key factor in both eukaryotic pangenome variation and transporter gene family evolution. We go on to outline how, through functional characterization of transporter-encoding genes, in combination with analyses of how transporter genes are gained and lost from accessory genomes, we can reveal much about the niche range, the ecology, and the evolution of virulence of microbes. We advocate for the coordinated systematic study of eukaryotic pangenomes through genome sequencing and the functional analysis of genes found within the accessory gene repertoire.
在这里，我们回顾进化微生物学中的两个相关主题：（）种内群体（泛基因组）的基因库变化的性质，以及（）代谢物转运蛋白作为能够提供具有生态位定义的“附加”表型的辅助蛋白的概念。我们讨论了需要改进对真核微生物的泛基因组变异的采样和理解。然后，我们回顾了影响泛基因组中辅助基因库的因素。在这部分讨论中，我们概述了基因复制如何成为真核生物泛基因组变异和转运蛋白基因家族进化的关键因素。我们接着概述了如何通过对转运蛋白编码基因的功能特征进行分析，并结合对辅助基因组中转运蛋白基因的获得和丢失的分析，我们可以揭示微生物的生态位范围、生态和毒力进化的很多信息。我们提倡通过基因组测序和对辅助基因库中发现的基因进行功能分析，对真核生物的泛基因组进行系统的协调研究。
