通过音乐体验改变积极和消极情绪：一项针对大学生的研究。
Changing positive and negative affects through music experiences: a study with university students.
机构信息
Department of Music Education, University of Valencia, Av. Dels Tarongers, 4, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Occupational Sciences, Speech Therapy, Evolutionary and Educational Psychology, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Av. De La Ilustración, 2, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2023 Mar 21;11(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s40359-023-01110-9.
BACKGROUND
Currently, there are few empirical studies that demonstrate the effects of music on specific emotions, especially in the educational context. For this reason, this study was carried out to examine the impact of music to identify affective changes after exposure to three musical stimuli.
METHODS
The participants were 71 university students engaged in a music education course and none of them were musicians. Changes in the affective state of non-musical student teachers were studied after listening to three pieces of music. An inter-subject repeated measures ANOVA test was carried out using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) to measure their affective state.
RESULTS
The results revealed that: (i) the three musical experiences were beneficial in increasing positive affects and reducing negative affects, with significant differences between the interaction of Music Experiences × Moment (pre-post); (ii) listening to Mahler's sad fifth symphony reduced more negative affects than the other experimental conditions; (iii) performing the blues had the highest positive effects.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide applied keys aspects for music education and research, as they show empirical evidence on how music can modify specific affects of personal experience.
背景
目前，很少有实证研究表明音乐对特定情绪的影响，尤其是在教育环境中。出于这个原因，本研究旨在通过三种音乐刺激来考察音乐对情感变化的影响。
方法
参与者为 71 名从事音乐教育课程的大学生，他们都不是音乐家。在聆听了三首乐曲后，研究了非音乐教师学生的情感状态变化。使用正性和负性情绪量表（PANAS）对主体间重复测量方差分析测试进行了分析，以测量他们的情感状态。
结果
结果表明：（i）三种音乐体验都有助于增加积极情绪，减少消极情绪，音乐体验与时刻（前后）之间的交互作用存在显著差异；（ii）聆听马勒悲伤的第五交响曲比其他实验条件减少了更多的消极情绪；（iii）演奏蓝调具有最高的积极效果。
结论
这些发现为音乐教育和研究提供了应用方面的关键，因为它们提供了关于音乐如何改变个人经验的特定影响的实证证据。
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