Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Developmental Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven and EM-Platform of VIB Bio Imaging Core at KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 22;13(1):4662. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31619-3.
Small diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) are associated with a high failure rate due to poor endothelialization. The incorporation of a nitric oxide (NO) releasing system improves biocompatibility by using the NO effect to promote endothelial cell (EC) migration and proliferation while preventing bacterial infection. To circumvent the instability of NO donors and to prolong NO releasing, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D-penicillamine (SNAP) as a NO donor was loaded in multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Successful loading was confirmed with a maximum SNAP amount of ~ 5% (w/w) by TEM, CHNS analysis and FTIR spectra. SDVGs were 3D printed from polycaprolactone (PCL) and coated with a 1:1 ratio of polyethylene glycol and PCL dopped with different concentrations of SNAP-loaded matrix and combinations of MWCNTs-OH. Coating with 10% (w/w) SNAP-matrix-10% (w/w) SNAP-MWCNT-OH showed a diminished burst release and 18 days of NO release in the range of 0.5-4 × 10 mol cm min similar to the NO release from healthy endothelium. NO-releasing SDVGs were cytocompatible, significantly enhanced EC proliferation and migration and diminished bacterial viability. The newly developed SNAP-loaded MWCNT-OH has a great potential to develop NO releasing biomaterials with a prolonged, controlled NO release promoting in-situ endothelialization and tissue integration in vivo, even as an approach towards personalized medicine.
小直径血管移植物（SDVGs）由于内皮化不良，失败率很高。一氧化氮（NO）释放系统的加入通过利用 NO 效应来促进内皮细胞（EC）的迁移和增殖，同时防止细菌感染，从而提高了生物相容性。为了避免 NO 供体的不稳定性并延长 NO 的释放时间，将作为 NO 供体的 S-亚硝基-N-乙酰-D-青霉胺（SNAP）载入到多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）中。通过 TEM、CHNS 分析和 FTIR 光谱证实了成功载入，最大 SNAP 量约为 5%（w/w）。使用聚己内酯（PCL）对 SDVGs 进行 3D 打印，并使用 1:1 比例的聚乙二醇和 PCL 涂层，其中掺杂了不同浓度的负载 SNAP 的基质和 MWCNTs-OH 的组合。用 10%（w/w）SNAP-基质-10%（w/w）SNAP-MWCNT-OH 涂层显示出减少的爆发性释放，并且在 0.5-4×10 mol cm min 的范围内持续 18 天释放 NO，类似于健康内皮细胞的 NO 释放。释放 NO 的 SDVGs 具有细胞相容性，可显著增强 EC 的增殖和迁移，并降低细菌活力。新开发的负载 SNAP 的 MWCNT-OH 具有很大的潜力，可以开发出具有延长、受控的 NO 释放的生物材料，从而促进原位内皮化和组织整合，甚至作为个性化医疗的一种方法。
