结直肠癌筛查方法的趋势：2018-2020 年行为风险因素监测系统数据的分析。
Trends of colorectal cancer screening methods: an analysis of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2018-2020.
机构信息
Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
出版信息
J Osteopath Med. 2023 Mar 24;123(6):317-323. doi: 10.1515/jom-2022-0167. eCollection 2023 Jun 1.
CONTEXT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high mortality rate and a large financial burden. Therefore, it is imperative to screen appropriately for this disease. By evaluating trends in different CRC screening methods and evaluating screening methods based on sex and race, improvements in screening can be made.
OBJECTIVES
By analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), our primary objective was to evaluate trends in CRC screening methods from 2018 through 2020. Our secondary objectives were to investigate deviations in screening rates by sex and race/ethnicity.
METHODS
A cross-sectional design was utilized to analyze trends in CRC screening methods utilizing data from the BRFSS for the years 2018 through 2020. Sex and race were also analyzed to evaluate for deviations in screening rates.
RESULTS
All race/ethnicity groups most often completed colonoscopies, with all but individuals identifying as Hispanic having higher than 56% completion rates. Individuals reporting as Hispanic received more blood stool tests than other races at 23.4%. Average CRC screening among all methods showed that 89.7% of individuals who reported as being White completed screening, with 91.3% of individuals reporting as Black, and 81.9% with race not listed, completed screening. Individuals identifying as Asian (74.4%), American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN [79.2%]) and Hispanic (78.1%) had lower rates of screening overall.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study found that trends in CRC screening were similar across years for individuals who reported as being White or Black. We also found that those identifying as Asian, AI/AN, Hispanic, and those whose identifying race was not listed deviated across years. These latter groups were also less likely to have received colonoscopies, the gold standard of screening. Because CRC is oftentimes a preventable disease, the importance of appropriate screening cannot be emphasized enough.
背景
结直肠癌（CRC）死亡率高，经济负担重。因此，对该病进行适当筛查至关重要。通过评估不同 CRC 筛查方法的趋势，并根据性别和种族评估筛查方法，可以改进筛查工作。
目的
通过分析来自行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的数据，我们的主要目的是评估 2018 年至 2020 年 CRC 筛查方法的趋势。我们的次要目标是调查性别和种族/民族差异对筛查率的影响。
方法
采用横断面设计，利用 BRFSS 数据分析 2018 年至 2020 年 CRC 筛查方法的趋势。还分析了性别和种族，以评估筛查率的差异。
结果
所有种族/民族群体最常接受结肠镜检查，除了自认为是西班牙裔的人之外，所有人群的完成率都高于 56%。自认为是西班牙裔的人比其他种族的人接受更多的粪便潜血试验，比例为 23.4%。所有方法的平均 CRC 筛查率显示，自认为是白人的个体中有 89.7%完成了筛查，自认为是黑人的个体中有 91.3%，未列出种族的个体中有 81.9%完成了筛查。自认为是亚洲人（74.4%）、美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民（AI/AN[79.2%]）和西班牙裔（78.1%）的个体总体筛查率较低。
结论
我们的研究发现，自认为是白人或黑人的个体 CRC 筛查趋势在几年内相似。我们还发现，自认为是亚洲人、AI/AN、西班牙裔以及未列出种族的个体在几年内存在差异。这些群体接受结肠镜检查的可能性也较低，而结肠镜检查是筛查的金标准。由于 CRC 通常是一种可预防的疾病，因此强调适当筛查的重要性再怎么强调也不为过。
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