Dietze Lorielle M F, McWhinney Sean R, Radua Joaquim, Hajek Tomas
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Front Nutr. 2023 Mar 7;10:1108360. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1108360. eCollection 2023.
Obesity has become a global public health issue, which impacts general health and the brain. Associations between obesity and white matter microstructure measured using diffusion tensor imaging have been under reviewed, despite a relatively large number of individual studies. Our objective was to determine the association between obesity and white matter microstructure in a large general population sample.
We analyzed location of brain white matter changes in obesity using the Anisotropic Effect Size Seed-based d Mapping (AES-SDM) method in a voxel-based meta-analysis, with validation in a region of interest (ROI) effect size meta-analysis. Our sample included 21 742 individuals from 51 studies.
The voxel-based spatial meta-analysis demonstrated reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) with obesity in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, middle cerebellar peduncles, anterior thalamic radiation, cortico-spinal projections, and cerebellum. The ROI effect size meta-analysis replicated associations between obesity and lower FA in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, middle cerebellar peduncles. Effect size of obesity related brain changes was small to medium.
Our findings demonstrate obesity related brain white matter changes are localized rather than diffuse. Better understanding the brain correlates of obesity could help identify risk factors, and targets for prevention or treatment of brain changes.
肥胖已成为一个全球性的公共卫生问题，它会影响整体健康和大脑。尽管已有相对大量的个体研究，但使用扩散张量成像测量的肥胖与白质微观结构之间的关联仍在研究之中。我们的目标是在一个大型普通人群样本中确定肥胖与白质微观结构之间的关联。
我们在基于体素的荟萃分析中使用基于各向异性效应大小种子点的d映射（AES-SDM）方法分析肥胖中脑白质变化的位置，并在感兴趣区域（ROI）效应大小荟萃分析中进行验证。我们的样本包括来自51项研究的21742名个体。
基于体素的空间荟萃分析表明，肥胖会导致胼胝体膝部和压部、小脑中脚、丘脑前辐射、皮质脊髓投射和小脑的分数各向异性（FA）降低。ROI效应大小荟萃分析重复了肥胖与胼胝体膝部和压部、小脑中脚较低FA之间的关联。肥胖相关脑变化的效应大小为小到中等。
我们的研究结果表明，肥胖相关的脑白质变化是局部性的而非弥漫性的。更好地理解肥胖与大脑的关联有助于识别风险因素，以及预防或治疗脑变化的靶点。
