Department of Intensive Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Front Public Health. 2023 Mar 9;11:1013019. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1013019. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to determine the effects of a nurse-led structured home visit program on quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
The study was quasi-experimental research in which 62 hemodialysis patients referred to Bu Ali hospital in Ardabil participated in two groups: Intervention ( = 31) and control ( = 31). The intervention included a structured and planned home visit program that was performed in five stages over 3 months. Data collection tools were a demographic information form, Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF™) and End Stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire (ESRD_AQ) which were completed by patients before, at the end of the first, second, and third month of intervention. SPSS v20 software and descriptive and analytical tests (Chi-square, -test, ANOVA and repeated measure) were used for data analysis.
Examining demographic characteristics showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between age and quality of life scores ( = 0.004), that is, with increasing age, the quality of life score decreases, but other demographic characteristics did not have a significant relationship with quality of life scores and adherence to treatment ( > 0.05).Also, the results showed that in the intervention and control groups, during the study, the scores of quality of life and adherence to treatment increased significantly, and this increase was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group ( < 0.001).The scores of quality of life and adherence to treatment increased significantly both during the study in each group separately and between groups during the study ( < 0.001).
According to the significant improvement in quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients following a home-visiting program during 3 months, these interventions can be utilized to improve quality of life and adherence to treatment of patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Home visiting programs significantly improve the level of knowledge of patients undergoing hemodialysis and their family members, through their involvement in the care process. Having said that, it seems plausible to implement home visits in the standard care plans of hemodialysis patients.
本研究旨在确定护士主导的结构化家庭访视计划对接受血液透析患者生活质量和治疗依从性的影响。
这是一项准实验研究，共有 62 名被转诊至阿尔达比勒市布阿里医院的血液透析患者参与，分为干预组（n=31）和对照组（n=31）。干预组接受结构化和计划式家庭访视方案，共分五个阶段，持续三个月。数据收集工具包括患者在干预前、第一个月结束时、第二个月结束时、第三个月结束时填写的人口统计学信息表、肾脏病生活质量简表（KDQOL-SF™）和终末期肾病治疗依从性问卷（ESRD_AQ）。采用 SPSS v20 软件和描述性及分析性检验（卡方检验、t 检验、方差分析和重复测量）进行数据分析。
在考察人口统计学特征时，发现年龄与生活质量评分呈负相关（ = 0.004），即随着年龄的增长，生活质量评分降低，但其他人口统计学特征与生活质量评分和治疗依从性均无显著相关性（ > 0.05）。此外，结果表明，在干预组和对照组中，在研究期间，生活质量和治疗依从性评分均显著增加，且干预组的增加幅度显著高于对照组（ < 0.001）。在每个组的研究期间以及组间研究期间，生活质量和治疗依从性评分均显著增加（ < 0.001）。
通过 3 个月的家庭访视计划，患者的生活质量和治疗依从性显著改善，因此这些干预措施可用于提高血液透析患者的生活质量和治疗依从性。
家庭访视计划通过让患者及其家属参与护理过程，显著提高了他们的知识水平。因此，在血液透析患者的标准护理计划中实施家庭访视是合理的。
