Kwandee Pincha, Somnuk Surasawadee, Wanikorn Bandhita, Nakphaichit Massalin, Tunsagool Paiboon
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, 73140, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Feb 28;13(2):207-217. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.02.011. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Triphala is a mixture of tree fruits obtained from , , and . It is one of the Ayurveda medicinal recipes used to treat health diseases such as obesity. The chemical composition analysis of Triphala extracts obtained from an equal portion of three fruits was performed. The contents of total phenolic compounds (62.87 ± 0.21 mg gallic acid equivalent/mL), total flavonoids (0.24 ± 0.01 mg catechin equivalent/mL), hydrolyzable tannins (177.27 ± 10.09 mg gallotannin equivalent/mL), and condensed tannins (0.62 ± 0.11 mg catechin equivalent/mL) were observed in Triphala extracts. The 1 mg/mL of Triphala extracts was applied to batch culture fermentation which contained the feces from voluntarily obese female adults (body mass index of 35.0-40.0 kg/m) for 24 h. The extraction of DNA and metabolites was each conducted on the samples obtained from batch culture fermentation within and without Triphala extracts treatment. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomic analysis were carried out. There was no statistically significant difference between Triphala extracts and control treatments on the changes in microbial profiles (p-value <0.05). While the metabolomic analysis showed statistically significant differences of 305 up-regulated and 23 down-regulated metabolites in the treatment of Triphala extracts when compared with the control (p-value <0.05 and fold-change ≥2) belonging to 60 pathways. The pathway analysis revealed that Triphala extracts play an important role in the activation of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. In this study, phenylalanine and tyrosine were identified metabolites which involve in the regulation of energy metabolism. The treatment of Triphala extracts possesses the induction of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis in fecal batch culture fermentation of obese adults and therefore it can be suggested as a probable herbal medicinal recipe for obesity treatment.
三果木是由诃子、毛诃子和余甘子三种树果混合而成。它是阿育吠陀医学中用于治疗肥胖等健康疾病的药方之一。对等量的三种果实所制得的三果木提取物进行了化学成分分析。在三果木提取物中观察到总酚类化合物含量（62.87±0.21毫克没食子酸当量/毫升）、总黄酮含量（0.24±0.01毫克儿茶素当量/毫升）、可水解单宁含量（177.27±10.09毫克倍酸单宁当量/毫升）和缩合单宁含量（0.62±0.11毫克儿茶素当量/毫升）。将1毫克/毫升的三果木提取物应用于含有自愿参与实验的肥胖成年女性（体重指数为35.0 - 40.0千克/平方米）粪便的分批培养发酵24小时。对经三果木提取物处理和未经处理的分批培养发酵所得样品分别进行DNA和代谢物提取。进行了16S rRNA基因测序和非靶向代谢组学分析。三果木提取物与对照处理在微生物谱变化方面无统计学显著差异（p值<0.05）。而代谢组学分析显示，与对照相比，三果木提取物处理中有305种上调代谢物和23种下调代谢物具有统计学显著差异（p值<0.05且变化倍数≥2），分属于60条代谢途径。通路分析表明，三果木提取物在苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成的激活中起重要作用。在本研究中，苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸是参与能量代谢调节的已鉴定代谢物。三果木提取物处理在肥胖成年人粪便分批培养发酵中具有诱导苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成的作用，因此可被认为是一种可能用于治疗肥胖的草药药方。
