Milutinović Milica, Dimitrijević-Branković Suzana, Rajilić-Stojanović Mirjana
Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Front Nutr. 2021 Jul 30;8:688843. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.688843. eCollection 2021.
Medicinal plants and their extracts contain substantial quantities of polyphenols. As metabolically active plant metabolites, polyphenols are food components with a wide range of biological activities. Given their poor absorbability in the digestive tract their activity toward the human host is typically mediated through interaction with intestinal microbes. As a result, polyphenols comprise a novel group of prebiotics. In this study, we tested the effect of five polyphenol-rich extracts from four medicinal herbs on the growth of probiotic and pathogenic microbes. The studied medicinal herbs were L. (willow gentian), L. (St. John's wort), L. (winter savory), and L. (yarrow). All these plants are traditionally used for the treatment of digestive problems. Extracts were prepared using safe solvent combinations. We tested the impact of addition of plant extracts on the growth of three probiotic lactobacilli and probiotic yeast . The effect of addition of plant extracts to liquid media (concentration range 0.25-10 mg/mL) on the growth of probiotics, was tested . The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was tested against several opportunistic bacteria and yeast. St. John's wort, winter savory, and willow gentian extracts showed a stimulative effect on probiotic yeast growth, while the highest growth-stimulating effect was achieved when microwave-assisted yarrow extract was used in the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Under these conditions growth of was increased 130-fold. In addition, the yarrow extract stimulated the growth of 299v. The growth of two strains was not stimulated by the addition of any extracts. Our results show that plant polyphenol-rich extracts can influence the growth of microorganisms that are typical members of the intestinal microbiota. For the first time we demonstrate that probiotic yeast growth can be stimulated by extracts of medicinal herbs, which when accompanied by suppression of yeasts suggests a potential benefit of the treatment in diseases that are associated with fungal dysbiosis.
药用植物及其提取物含有大量多酚。作为具有代谢活性的植物代谢产物，多酚是具有广泛生物活性的食物成分。鉴于它们在消化道中吸收性较差，其对人类宿主的活性通常通过与肠道微生物的相互作用来介导。因此，多酚构成了一类新型益生元。在本研究中，我们测试了四种药用植物的五种富含多酚的提取物对益生菌和致病微生物生长的影响。所研究的药用植物为龙胆（柳穿鱼叶龙胆）、贯叶连翘、冬香薄荷和蓍草。所有这些植物传统上都用于治疗消化问题。提取物使用安全的溶剂组合制备。我们测试了添加植物提取物对三种益生菌乳酸杆菌和益生菌酵母生长的影响。测试了在液体培养基中添加植物提取物（浓度范围为0.25 - 10 mg/mL）对益生菌生长的影响。测试了提取物对几种机会性细菌和酵母的抗菌活性。贯叶连翘、冬香薄荷和柳穿鱼叶龙胆提取物对益生菌酵母生长显示出刺激作用，而当使用浓度为0.5 mg/mL的微波辅助蓍草提取物时，实现了最高的生长刺激效果。在这些条件下，酿酒酵母的生长增加了130倍。此外，蓍草提取物刺激了嗜酸乳杆菌299v的生长。添加任何提取物均未刺激两种白色念珠菌菌株的生长。我们的结果表明，富含植物多酚的提取物可以影响肠道微生物群典型成员的微生物生长。我们首次证明药用植物提取物可以刺激益生菌酵母生长，当同时抑制白色念珠菌酵母时，表明该疗法在与真菌生态失调相关的疾病中具有潜在益处。
