Fokina Natalia
Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkinskaya St., 11, 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia.
J Xenobiot. 2023 Mar 1;13(1):132-147. doi: 10.3390/jox13010011.
The effect of copper and nickel ions on the lipid composition of freshwater mussels was investigated using an aquarium experiment. The contents of the main lipid classes were determined using thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometry, and the fatty acid composition was analysed using gas-liquid chromatography. The results indicated that copper and nickel had different effects on the mussels' lipid composition, with copper producing less effect on the composition of lipids and fatty acids than nickel. On the first experiment day, excessive copper content in the organism caused oxidative stress and modifications in membrane lipids, which returned to their initial level by the end of the experiment. Nickel accumulated predominantly in gills; however, significant modifications in lipids and fatty acids were seen also in the digestive gland from the first day of the experiment. This indicated the activation of nickel-induced lipid peroxidation processes. Moreover, this study revealed a dose-dependent effect of nickel on lipid composition, which was likely related to the development of compensatory biochemical mechanisms in response to nickel-induced oxidative stress. A comparative study of the lipid composition alteration in mussels in response to copper and nickel action revealed the consequences of the toxic impact of metal ions and the defensive mechanisms that organisms employ to detoxify and remove xenobiotics.
采用水族箱实验研究了铜离子和镍离子对淡水贻贝脂质组成的影响。利用薄层色谱法和分光光度法测定了主要脂质类别的含量，并采用气液色谱法分析了脂肪酸组成。结果表明，铜和镍对贻贝脂质组成的影响不同，铜对脂质和脂肪酸组成的影响小于镍。在实验的第一天，生物体中过量的铜含量导致氧化应激和膜脂的改变，到实验结束时恢复到初始水平。镍主要在鳃中积累；然而，从实验第一天起，消化腺中的脂质和脂肪酸也出现了显著变化。这表明镍诱导的脂质过氧化过程被激活。此外，本研究揭示了镍对脂质组成的剂量依赖性效应，这可能与响应镍诱导的氧化应激而产生的补偿性生化机制的发展有关。对贻贝在铜和镍作用下脂质组成变化的比较研究揭示了金属离子毒性影响的后果以及生物体用于解毒和清除异源生物的防御机制。
