Department of Mathematics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Department of Mathematics, The Govt. Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 28;13(1):5036. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32011-x.
This study discusses the flow of hybrid nanofluid over an infinite disk in a Darcy-Forchheimer permeable medium with variable thermal conductivity and viscosity. The objective of the current theoretical investigation is to identify the thermal energy characteristics of the nanomaterial flow resulting from thermo-solutal Marangoni convection on a disc surface. By including the impacts of activation energy, heat source, thermophoretic particle deposition and microorganisms the proposed mathematical model becomes more novel. The Cattaneo-Christov mass and heat flux law is taken into account when examining the features of mass and heat transmission rather than the traditional Fourier and Fick heat and mass flux law. MoS and Ag nanoparticles are dispersed in the base fluid water to synthesize the hybrid nanofluid. PDEs are transformed to ODEs by using similarity transformations. The RKF-45th order shooting method is used to solve the equations. With the use of appropriate graphs, the effects of a number of non-dimensional parameters on velocity, concentration, microorganism, and temperature fields are addressed. The local Nusselt number, density of motile microorganisms and Sherwood number are calculated numerically and graphically to derive correlations in terms of the relevant key parameters. The findings show that as we increase the Marangoni convection parameter, skin friction, local density of motile microorganisms, Sherwood number, velocity, temperature and microorganisms profiles increase, whereas Nusselt number and concentration profile exhibit an opposite behavior. The fluid velocity is reduced as a result of enhancing the Forchheimer parameter and Darcy parameter.
本研究讨论了具有可变热导率和粘度的达西-福尔希默尔可渗透介质中无限圆盘上的混合纳米流体的流动。当前理论研究的目的是识别由于盘面上的热溶质马兰戈尼对流而导致的纳米材料流动的热能特性。通过包括激活能、热源、热泳粒子沉积和微生物的影响,提出的数学模型变得更加新颖。在研究质量和热传递特性时,采用 Cattaneo-Christov 质量和热通量定律,而不是传统的傅里叶和菲克热和质量通量定律。将 MoS 和 Ag 纳米粒子分散在基液水中以合成混合纳米流体。通过相似变换将偏微分方程转换为常微分方程。使用 RKF-45 阶打靶法求解方程。通过使用适当的图形,讨论了许多无量纲参数对速度、浓度、微生物和温度场的影响。通过数值和图形计算局部努塞尔数、运动微生物的密度和舍伍德数,得出了与相关关键参数有关的关联。研究结果表明,随着马兰戈尼对流参数的增加,摩擦系数、运动微生物的局部密度、舍伍德数、速度、温度和微生物分布增加,而努塞尔数和浓度分布则表现出相反的行为。随着福尔希默参数和达西参数的增加,流体速度降低。