Han Xiaoyu, Chen Jingze, Chen Lu, Jia Xi, Fan Yanqing, Zheng Yuting, Alwalid Osamah, Liu Jie, Li Yumin, Li Na, Gu Jin, Wang Jiangtao, Shi Heshui
Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China.
Biomedicines. 2023 Mar 14;11(3):901. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11030901.
To compare the clinical characteristics and chest CT findings of patients infected with Omicron and Delta variants and the original strain of COVID-19.
A total of 503 patients infected with the original strain (245 cases), Delta variant (90 cases), and Omicron variant (168 cases) were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in clinical severity and chest CT findings were analyzed. We also compared the infection severity of patients with different vaccination statuses and quantified pneumonia by a deep-learning approach.
The rate of severe disease decreased significantly from the original strain to the Delta variant and Omicron variant (27% vs. 10% vs. 4.8%, < 0.001). In the Omicron group, 44% (73/168) of CT scans were categorized as abnormal compared with 81% (73/90) in the Delta group and 96% (235/245, < 0.05) in the original group. Trends of a gradual decrease in total CT score, lesion volume, and lesion CT value of AI evaluation were observed across the groups ( < 0.001 for all). Omicron patients who received the booster vaccine had less clinical severity ( = 0.015) and lower lung involvement rate than those without the booster vaccine (36% vs. 57%, = 0.009).
Compared with the original strain and Delta variant, the Omicron variant had less clinical severity and less lung injury on CT scans.
比较感染奥密克戎变异株、德尔塔变异株和新冠病毒原始毒株患者的临床特征及胸部CT表现。
回顾性分析503例感染原始毒株（245例）、德尔塔变异株（90例）和奥密克戎变异株（168例）的患者。分析临床严重程度和胸部CT表现的差异。我们还比较了不同疫苗接种状态患者的感染严重程度，并通过深度学习方法对肺炎进行定量分析。
从原始毒株到德尔塔变异株再到奥密克戎变异株，重症率显著下降（27%对10%对4.8%，<0.001）。奥密克戎组中，44%（73/168）的CT扫描被分类为异常，而德尔塔组为81%（73/90），原始组为96%（235/245，<0.05）。各组间人工智能评估的总CT评分、病灶体积和病灶CT值均呈逐渐下降趋势（均<0.001）。接种加强针的奥密克戎患者临床严重程度较低（=0.015），肺部受累率低于未接种加强针的患者（36%对57%，=0.009）。
与原始毒株和德尔塔变异株相比，奥密克戎变异株临床严重程度较低，CT扫描显示的肺损伤较轻。
