National Farm Medicine Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 8;20(6):4778. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20064778.
In this review, we first assess the state of agricultural health and safety research as it pertains to the dynamic challenges facing automating agriculture on a warming planet. Then, we turn to social science fields such as rural sociology, science and technology studies, and environmental studies to leverage relevant insights on the introduction of new technologies, environmental risks, and associated workplace hazards. Increased rates of automation in agriculture alongside new risks associated with climate change create the need for anticipatory governance and adaptive research to study novel mechanisms of worker health and safety. The use of the PRISMA framework led to the 137 articles for our review. We identify three themes in the literature on agricultural health and safety: (1) adoption outcomes, (2) discrete cases of health risks, and (3) an emphasis on care and wellbeing in literature on dairy automation Our review led to the identification of research gaps, noting that current research (a) tends to examine these forces separately, instead of together, (b) has not made robust examination of these forces as socially embedded, and (c) has hesitated to examine the broad, transferable themes for how these forces work across industries. In response to these gaps, we suggest that attention to outside disciplines may provide agricultural health and safety research with a toolset to examine needed inquiry into the multiplicity of experiences of rural stakeholders, the industry specific problems arising from automation and climate change, and the socially embedded aspects of agricultural work in the future.
在这篇综述中，我们首先评估了农业健康和安全研究的现状，因为它涉及到在变暖的地球上实现农业自动化所面临的动态挑战。然后，我们转向农村社会学、科学技术研究和环境研究等社会科学领域，利用关于新技术引入、环境风险和相关工作场所危害的相关见解。农业自动化率的提高以及与气候变化相关的新风险，要求进行前瞻性治理和适应性研究，以研究工人健康和安全的新机制。使用 PRISMA 框架导致了我们综述的 137 篇文章。我们在农业健康和安全文献中确定了三个主题：（1）采用结果，（2）健康风险的离散案例，以及（3）在乳制品自动化文献中强调护理和幸福感。我们的综述导致了研究空白的确定，指出当前的研究（a）往往分别而不是一起研究这些力量，（b）没有对这些力量进行稳健的社会嵌入研究，以及（c）犹豫研究这些力量在跨行业运作的广泛、可转移主题。针对这些差距，我们建议关注外部学科可能为农业健康和安全研究提供一个工具包，以检查对农村利益相关者的多种经验、自动化和气候变化带来的行业特定问题以及未来农业工作的社会嵌入方面的必要性调查。
