Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of Anatomy, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2024 Nov;46(11):1807-1810. doi: 10.1007/s00276-024-03473-z. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
This report presents a rare anatomical variation, double fenestration of the External jugular vein on the right side.
During the routine dissection of a male cadaver aged 60 years, we observed a unilateral large double fenestration of the External jugular vein on the right side.
After its formation from the posterior division of the retromandibular and posterior auricular veins, External jugular vein descended in the posterior triangle of neck. Here, it divided into medial, intermediate, and lateral veins that united again before draining into the subclavian vein. Lateral vein was the largest (7.2 cm) and intermediate and medial veins were measuring 6.4 cm each. Two large fenestrations, measuring 5.8 cm each, arranged like a "double bubble" were seen in the External jugular vein extending from fourth to sixth cervical (C4 to C6) vertebrae. The medial branch of supraclavicular nerve was seen passing superficial to the distal part of External jugular vein. On the left side, the course of External jugular vein showed a standard pattern.
Surgeons must be acquainted with the varied anatomy of the superficial neck veins to prevent major bleeding during operative procedures, including carotid endarterectomy, flap operations, & central venous catheterisation.
本报告介绍了一种罕见的解剖变异，即右侧颈外静脉双重窗孔。
在对一名 60 岁男性尸体进行常规解剖时，我们观察到右侧单侧颈外静脉存在较大的双重窗孔。
颈外静脉从下颌后静脉和耳后静脉的后部分支形成后，在下颈部后三角下降。在此，它分为内侧、中间和外侧静脉，在注入锁骨下静脉之前再次汇合。外侧静脉最大（7.2 厘米），中间和内侧静脉各长 6.4 厘米。在从第四颈椎（C4）到第六颈椎（C6）的颈外静脉上，可见两个 5.8 厘米大小的大窗孔，排列得像“双气泡”。锁骨上神经的内侧分支被发现在颈外静脉远端的浅面通过。在左侧，颈外静脉的走行呈标准模式。
外科医生必须熟悉颈部浅静脉的多种解剖结构，以防止在包括颈动脉内膜切除术、皮瓣手术和中心静脉置管在内的手术过程中发生大出血。
